| 引用本文: | 肖茜,杨昆,洪亮.近30 a云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积变化遥感监测与时空分析.湖泊科学,2018,30(4):1083-1096. DOI:10.18307/2018.0421 |
| XIAO Qian,YANG Kun,HONG Liang.Remote sensing monitoring and temporal-spatial analysis of surface water body area changes of lakes on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over the past 30 years. J. Lake Sci.2018,30(4):1083-1096. DOI:10.18307/2018.0421 |
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| 近30 a云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积变化遥感监测与时空分析 |
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肖茜1,2, 杨昆3,2, 洪亮1,2
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1.云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院, 昆明 650500;2.西部资源环境地理信息技术教育部工程研究中心, 昆明 650500;3.云南师范大学信息学院, 昆明 650500
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| 摘要: |
| 以云贵高原湖泊近30 a来的TM、ETM+和OLI遥感影像为数据源，采用归一化水体指数（NDWI）、改进归一化水体指数（MNDWI）、新型水体指数（NWI）、增强型水体指数（EWI）和自动水体提取指数5种水体指数提取了1985-2015年云贵高原10个湖泊表面水体面积，并对各种算法进行精度对比分析.针对湖泊各自特点采用不同的水体指数提取其表面水体面积，并进行水体面积变化时空分析.结果表明：云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积总体呈现先增加后缩减趋势，1985-1995年湖泊表面水体面积增加了30.86 km2，1995-2015年湖泊水体表面面积减少了48.12 km2，其中，面积变化最大的是杞麓湖与异龙湖.对云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积变化与该区域的年降水量、蒸发量、平均气温、流域植被覆盖面积和人类活动时空进行相关分析，结果表明：1）高原湖泊对区域气候变化的响应具有明显的空间差异性，云贵高原湖泊的表面水体面积与气候相关性较显著，气温升高引起蒸发加速，降水量下降，湖面不断缩小，与逐年上升的气温呈负相关，与逐年波动上升的蒸发量呈负相关，与逐年减少的降水量呈正相关；2）云贵高原湖泊各流域的植被覆盖面积与湖泊面积变化相关性较弱；3）人类活动是影响湖泊面积变化的重要因素，大肆围湖造田、围湖养殖以及旅游开发等人类活动直接导致云贵高原湖泊面积的锐减，并对湖泊生态环境产生重要影响. |
| 关键词: 归一化水体指数 改进归一化水体指数 新型水体指数 增强型水体指数 自动水体提取指数 高原湖泊 遥感监测 降水量 水体面积 |
| DOI：10.18307/2018.0421 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41661082，41201463，41461038，41561086，41371514，41262013）和江苏省资源环境信息工程重点实验室开放基金项目（JS201301）联合资助. |
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| Remote sensing monitoring and temporal-spatial analysis of surface water body area changes of lakes on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over the past 30 years |
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XIAO Qian1,2, YANG Kun3,2, HONG Liang1,2
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1.School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China;2.GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, P. R. China;3.School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The data on the surface areas of lakes on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over the past 30 years (1985-2015) are extracted from the TM and ETM+ and OLI remote sensing images in this paper. Using five water indexes including Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index(MNDWI), Enhanced Water Index (EWI), New Water Index (NWI) and Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI), we evaluate the accuracy of the above 5 indexes and analyzed the area variations of surface water body with proper water index based on lake's individual characteristics. The results show that the total surface water body areas are increased by 30.86 km2 from 1985 to 1995, then reduced by 48.12 km2 from 1995 to 2015. The Lakes Qilu and Yilong have the greatest area changes among the investigated 10 lakes. The correlation analysis between the area change of each lake and annual average precipitation, annual average evaporation, annual average temperature, vegetation-covered area, human activities of each catchment shows that:the lakes have a spatial heterogeneityresponse to regional climate change. The surface area changes of these lakes are negatively related to the local temperatures and evaporations, while positively related to the local precipitations. There is a weak correlation between the surface water body areas and vegetation-covered area. Human activities could be one of the important causes of the area shrinking of surface water bodies on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. |
| Key words: NDWI MNDWI EWI NWI AWEI plateau lakes remote sensing monitoring precipitation water body area |
