| 摘要: |
| 研究了四种胁迫条件下微囊藻衰亡过程以及衰亡过程中生长生理与抗氧化酶系统的变化以及胁迫30d后转入正常培养后的微囊藻的生长变化过程.将对数生长期的微囊藻分别转入氮饥饿、磷饥饿、黑暗及10℃低温等胁迫条件下培养,测定光密度OD680、叶绿素a、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等生理指标.结果表明,在黑暗和低温条件下,微囊藻生长受到明显抑制,但黑暗条件下25d后微囊藻衰亡,低温条件下仅需7d;与物理因子引起的胁迫相比,在营养胁迫条件下,微囊藻在胁迫前期均表现出生长趋势.N饥饿条件下叶绿素a含量从开始胁迫后即下降,P饥饿20d后叶绿素a含量以0.1mg/(L·d)急剧下降,在四种胁迫条件中下降速率最高,表明微囊藻对P的耐受能力最差.根据实验结果,在长期没有外来P源供给而内部又无可得P源的水体中、或者水温急剧下降到10℃以下时,微囊藻水华可能会快速衰亡,相应的应急措施应准备到位,以尽量减轻水体微囊藻水华衰亡带来的损失.SOD与CAT活性的上升与叶绿素a含量的下降存在显著相关性,可以尝试将两者结合预测微囊藻水华的衰亡.本研究在实验室条件下初步探讨了四种环境因子对微囊藻消亡的贡献,比较了SOD与CAT活性与叶绿素a含量下降的相关性,为微囊藻水华衰亡预测体系的建立提供了理论依据. |
| 关键词: 微囊藻 衰亡 磷饥饿 胁迫 抗氧化酶系统 |
| DOI：10.18307/2008.0501 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划863项目(2005AA60101005);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-426)联合资助 |
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| Decline of Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 under four stress conditions |
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LI Jie1,2, OU Dan-yun3, SONG Li-rong1
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1.State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R.China;2.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China;3.College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| The present study aimed to evaluate the contribution of stress factors to the decline of Microcystis bloom, also tried to develop some indicator of decline. Four stress conditions including nitrogen starvation, phophorus starvation, dark and low temperature (10℃ ) were designed. Decrease of biomass and the concomitant change of antioxidant system, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were detected. The result indicated that growth was significantly inhibited under dark and low temperature. Microcystis population declined after 25 days under dark, while declined after only 7 days under low temperature. Compared with the physical stress, nutrition such as nitrogen and phosphorus did not limit the growth effectively in the early stage. Chlorophyll-a decreased as soon as being incubated into nitrogen free BG-11 medium. After being kept in phosphorus free medium for 20 days, chlorophyll-a reached peak, about the twice of the initial concentration, and then decreased at a rate of 0.1mg/(L·d), which was the highest decaying rate among the four factors. It indicated its significance of available phosphorus for Microcystis survival and decline. According to the results, when phosphorus was limited, or water temperature was decreased to 10℃ , cautions should be taken into account for the decrease of dissolved oxygen and possible increase of toxins or odors substances from the declining bloom. In healthy Microcystis, SOD activity was about 0.06U/mg protein, while CAT activity was too low to be measured. In addition, SOD activity increased earlier than CAT activity when Microcystis was exposed to stress conditions. CAT activity increased only when the content of chlorophyll-a began to decline. Both of the increase of SOD and CAT activities correlated negatively with the decrease of the content of chlorophyll-a though there were some exceptions. Combination of the two parameters would be potential indicator of bloom decline. |
| Key words: Microcystis decline stress prediction antioxidant system |
