| 引用本文: | 李致春,王运好,陈松,马杰,王国祥,许晓光,黄鹤勇,朱义坤.淮河流域沱湖沉积物重金属污染评价与来源分析.湖泊科学,2025,37(3):889-901. DOI:10.18307/2025.0326 |
| Li Zhichun,Wang Yunhao,Chen Song,Ma Jie,Wang Guoxiang,Xu Xiaoguang,Huang Heyong,Zhu Yikun.Pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in sediment of Lake Tuohu in Huaihe River Basin. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(3):889-901. DOI:10.18307/2025.0326 |
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| 淮河流域沱湖沉积物重金属污染评价与来源分析 |
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李致春，王运好，陈松，马杰，王国祥，许晓光，黄鹤勇，朱义坤
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1.宿州学院国家煤矿水害防治工程技术研究中心，宿州 234000 ；2.南京师范大学环境学院，南京 210023 ；3.生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，南京 210042 ；4.安徽省勘查技术院，合肥 230031
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究以淮河流域沱湖为研究对象，系统采集全湖65个表层沉积物样品，测定样品中V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb、Fe和Al含量。通过反距离权重法揭示沱湖表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征，利用地累积指数法（Igeo）、潜在生态风险指数法评价表层沉积物中重金属污染与风险水平，运用主成分分析、相关性分析、绝对主成分-多元线性回归分析（APCS-MLR）、正定矩阵因子分析（PMF）等多元统计分析手段解析沉积物中重金属污染来源。结果表明：沱湖沉积物样品中V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb的含量范围分别为60.97~106.68、68.09~104.52、738.77~1445.53、10.48~16.35、28.17~45.89、19.44~33.48、47.15~84.29、11.79~28.24、0.14~0.36和22.59~45.58 mg/kg，东部湖湾水域是全湖沉积物10种重金属累积高值区域；根据Igeo结果，整体来看，Pb、Zn、Mn、Ni、As、Cd在一定程度上受到人为输入来源的影响，沉积物Cd的污染程度明显高于其他重金属。Cd的单元素潜在生态风险指数范围为40.7~103.7，潜在生态风险程度为中度至重度风险等级，其余重金属为轻微风险等级，10种重金属综合潜在生态风险水平处于轻微风险等级，位于西部湖湾和南部湖区近岸带小部分水域沉积物重金属的综合潜在生态风险水平处于中度风险等级。PMF模型更适用于本研究沉积物重金属污染溯源，估算出自然-水产养殖混合源、农业-交通混合源、工业源的贡献率分别为40.5%、34.5%、25.0%。本研究为淮河流域湖泊重金属污染防治工作提供了数据支撑和科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 沉积物 重金属 污染评价 空间分布 来源解析 沱湖 淮河流域 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0326 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42107280）；安徽省教育厅高校自然科学基金重大项目（2022AH040211）；安徽省高校中青年教师培养行动项目（DTR2024048）；安徽省公益性地质调查项目（2022-g-1-4）；宿州学院博士后科研启动基金项目（2021bsh003）；宿州学院科研发展基金项目（2021fzjj31）联合资助 |
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| Pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in sediment of Lake Tuohu in Huaihe River Basin |
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Li Zhichun，Wang Yunhao，Chen Song，Ma Jie，Wang Guoxiang，Xu Xiaoguang，Huang Heyong，Zhu Yikun
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1.National Coal Mine Hazard Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000 , P.R.China ；2.School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023 , P.R.China ；3.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042 , P.R.China ；4.Geological Exploration Technology Institute of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| This study took Lake Tuohu in Huaihe River Basin as the research object. In this study, 65 surface sediment samples in Lake Tuohu from Huaihe River Basin were collected systematically, with 11 heavy metals (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Fe) and Al measured. The spatial distribution of heavy metals in surface sediment of Lake Tuohu was interpolated based on point-scale measurements using the inverse distance weight method. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the pollution and risk levels of heavy metals. The sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments were analyzed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, absolute factor score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and other statistical methods. The results showed that the average contents of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in sediment samples of Lake Tuohu were 60.97-106.68, 68.09-104.52, 738.77-1445.53, 10.48-16.35, 28.17-45.89, 19.44-33.48, 47.15-84.29, 11.79-28.24, 0.14-0.36 and 22.59-45.58 mg/kg, respectively. The eastern lake bay showed the high enrichment of 10 heavy metals in lake sediments. Overall, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni, As, and Cd were affected by anthropogenic input sources, and Cd pollution in sediment of Lake Tuohu was higher than other heavy metals, according to Igeo results. Single potential ecological risk index of Cd, ranging from 40.7 to 103.7, suggested a moderate to severe level for the potential ecological risk while other heavy metals presented the low risk levels in sediment. Overall, the average comprehensive potential ecological risk index of 10 heavy metals showed a slight risk level of heavy metals. Meanwhile, the comprehensive potential ecological risk level of heavy metals in sediments in the western lake bay and a small portion of southern lakeshore were moderate. Furthermore, the PMF model effectively provided auxiliary information on the contribution of heavy metal sources, making up for the deficiency of APCS-MLR model calculation. According to the results of PMF model, the relative contribution of the mixed source with natural and aquaculture, the mixed source with agricultural and traffic, and industrial source were 40.5%, 34.5% and 25.0%, respectively. This study can provide the data support and scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in lakes of Huaihe River Basin. |
| Key words: Sediment heavy metals pollution assessment spatial distribution source analysis Lake Tuohu Huaihe River Basin |
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