| 引用本文: | 廖一彪,丁鑫,项思语,陈健,曾繁轩,宋春桥.基于Sentinel-1卫星遥感的长江中游饮用水源地水库水域范围及面积变化(2018—2021年):突变检测与原因探讨.湖泊科学,2025,37(4):1430-1444. DOI:10.18307/2025.0441 |
| Liao Yibiao,Ding Xin,Xiang Siyu,Chen Jian,Zeng Fanxuan,Song Chunqiao.Sentinel-1 observation on inundation dynamics of drinking water source reservoir in the middle reaches of Yangtze River (2018-2021): Detecting abrupt changes and causes. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(4):1430-1444. DOI:10.18307/2025.0441 |
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| 摘要: |
| 作为长江中游关键三级子流域之一，武汉至湖口左岸流域地跨武汉市、孝感市、黄冈市、随州市等多个地级市，覆盖了庞大的人口群体。确保流域内居民的饮用水安全，是关乎民生福祉的重要任务。水域面积动态直接反映水量保障状况，水库水域面积变化精细监测有助于准确掌握和有效分配水资源，也关系库区水生态环境保护和水灾害防患。本研究利用Sentinel-1 A/B双星的时序雷达影像数据和Edge Otsu水域信息遥感提取算法，对武汉至湖口左岸流域内饮用水源地水库2018—2021年期间水域面积进行时序精细提取，精度评价结果显示水库水域面积提取总体精度达0.95以上。本研究使用了PELT(pruned exact linear time)突变检测算法，探测2018—2021年期间该流域内饮用水源地水库水域面积时序突变（短时间内剧烈变化，超出正常季节性波动和随机变化范围）特征。结果表明：水域面积在2018—2019年期间整体呈现萎缩状态，流域内饮用水源地水库水域总体面积萎缩约33%；在2019年10月-2020年6月期间，水域面积保持在较低的稳定水平；自2020年7月开始，水域面积迅速增加，并在之后数月内恢复到2018年水域面积高位状态，随后持续出现波动。本研究进一步探讨了水源地水库水域突变背后的驱动因素。利用标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）的对比分析表明，流域在经历了2018—2019年的轻微至严重的干旱以及2020年的湿润事件后，水域面积发生了先急剧萎缩后快速扩张的显著变化。该研究不仅证实了Sentinel-1双星组网观测对大范围水源地水库水域变化的监测能力，特别是其快速精准捕捉外部环境突变特征的有效性，同时也强调了在气候变化和极端事件频发背景下，加强水库精细化监测与管理的紧迫性。研究结果为水资源管理和生态保护提供了科学依据，有助于优化水资源分配和水灾害防范，确保区域饮用水资源安全。 |
| 关键词: Sentinel-1 突变检测 饮用水源地 水域提取 驱动力分析 长江中游 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0441 |
| 分类号: |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFF0711603）、国家自然科学基金项目（42301431）、中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所“十四五”科技创新规划(2021—2025)自主部署项目（2022NIGLAS-CJH04）和江苏省杰出青年基金项目（BK20240112）联合资助 |
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| Sentinel-1 observation on inundation dynamics of drinking water source reservoir in the middle reaches of Yangtze River (2018-2021): Detecting abrupt changes and causes |
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Liao Yibiao1，2，3，Ding Xin4，Xiang Siyu5，Chen Jian1，Zeng Fanxuan2，Song Chunqiao2，3，6
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1:School of Remote Sensing and Surveying Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Technology, Nanjing 210044 , P.R.China,2: State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135 , P.R.China,3: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Nanjing 211135 , P.R.China,4: College of Geography and Remote Sensing,Hohai University, Nanjing 211000 , P.R.China,5: Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing 210008 , P.R.China,6: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| The left bank watershed from Wuhan to Hukou, as one of the key three-tier sub-basins in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, encompasses several major urban centers, including Wuhan, Xiaogan, Huanggang, and Suizhou. It provides vital water resources to local population. Consequently, ensuring drinking water security for both human consumption and livestock welfare is of paramount importance. Dynamic changes in water area directly reflect water supply situation. Precise monitoring on water area in reservoirs is crucial for accurate management and effective allocation of water resource, as well as the protection on water ecological environment and avoiding water disasters. This study utilized time series radar images from Sentinel-1 A/B and the Edge Otsu water area extraction algorithm to monitor the water area changes in the drinking water source reservoirs (DWSR) within the catchment from 2018 to 2021. The accuracy evaluation results indicated that the overall precision of water area extraction exceeds 0.95. We employed the PELT (pruned exact linear time) mutation detection algorithm to identify abrupt temporal changes (drastically changed, exceeding normally seasonal variations) in water area of the DWSR within the basin from 2018 to 2021. The results showed that from 2018 to 2019, the DWSR water areas in the basin shranked by approximately 33%. From October 2019 to June 2020, the water areas remained at a relatively low and stable level. Starting from July 2020, the water areas rapidly increased and recovered to the high levels seen in 2018, followed by continued fluctuations. Further analysis using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index revealed that the basin experienced a drought event from 2018 to 2019, followed by a wet event in 2020. These climatic conditions were associated with the observed significant changes in water area. This study demonstrates the capability of Sentinel-1 dual satellite observations to monitor large-scale changes in water areas, particularly in capturing rapid and precise responses to environmental changes. Our findings underscored the importance and urgency of enhancing the fine-scale monitoring and management of DWSR under the influence of climate change and extreme events. The results provided a scientific basis for improving water resource management and ecological protection, optimizing water resource allocation, and ensuring the security of regional drinking water resources. |
| Key words: Sentinel-1 abrupt change detection drinking water source watershed extraction driving force analysis middle reaches of Yangtze River |
