| 引用本文: | 徐颖,罗菊花,翟金龙,毛志刚,段洪涛,孟迪,何锋,鲁露.基于草藻变化的湖泊稳态转换过程解析——以梁子湖为例.湖泊科学,2025,37(4):1224-1236. DOI:10.18307/2025.0414 |
| Xu Ying,Luo Juhua,Zhai Jinlong,Mao Zhigang,Duan Hongtao,Meng Di,He Feng,Lu Lu.Analysis of regime shift process based on macrophyte-phytoplankton changes: A case study of Lake Liangzi. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(4):1224-1236. DOI:10.18307/2025.0414 |
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| 摘要: |
| 伴随湖泊营养负荷的增加、湖泊水生植被衰亡、藻类增长，湖泊会由草型稳态向藻型稳态转变，一旦稳态发生转变，将很难再逆转，严重影响湖泊生态系统功能和服务价值。从湖泊草藻长期演变的视角，开展突变点识别，辨析湖泊稳态转换过程，有助于早期预判湖泊生态灾变风险，为湖泊生态保护、修复和综合治理提供决策支持。本研究以梁子湖为例，通过遥感解译的长时序草藻数据集，结合文献搜集的长期水环境关键因子数据，分析水环境变化并识别水生植被覆盖度的突变点，解析湖泊稳态转换过程。结果表明，1990—2023年间，梁子湖生态系统发生显著变化：在1990—2017年间，湖泊水质逐渐恶化，水环境因子发生显著变化，透明度在2010年发生突变，高锰酸盐指数和总氮浓度在2011年发生突变，总磷浓度在2017年发生突变；湖泊发生稳态转换的关键时间为2016年，水生植被覆盖度发生突变，沉水植被大幅减少，湖泊草型生态系统崩溃；在2017—2023年间，湖泊水生植被衰亡，并在2022—2023年连续暴发藻类水华，湖泊已转变为藻型生态系统。综合各因子的突变时期，可将梁子湖从草型到藻型生态系统转换过程分成4个阶段：以沉水植被为主导的草型稳态（2010年之前）-湖泊营养负荷显著增加（2011—2016年）-水生植被突变（稳态转换）（2017—2021年）-以浮游藻类为主的藻型稳态（2022—2023年）。本研究方法和结果可为梁子湖生态修复与治理决策提供理论支撑，同时也为长江中下游的其他浅水湖泊生态风险早期预警、修复与治理提供了方法支撑与科学参考。 |
| 关键词: 梁子湖 稳态转换 草藻演变 湖泊生态系统 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0414 |
| 分类号: |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 (42271377) 和云南省省市一体化专项 (202202AH210006) 联合资助 |
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| Analysis of regime shift process based on macrophyte-phytoplankton changes: A case study of Lake Liangzi |
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Xu Ying1，2，Luo Juhua1，2，Zhai Jinlong1，Mao Zhigang1，Duan Hongtao1，2，Meng Di3，He Feng3，Lu Lu3
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1:State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135 , P.R.China,2:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Nanjing 211135 , P.R.China,3:Kunming Dianchi and Plateau Lakes Institute, Kunming 650228 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Lakes undergo a transition from a macrophyte-dominated state to a phytoplankton-dominated state, accompanied by an increase in nutrient loads, a decline of aquatic vegetation (AV), and the proliferation of phytoplankton. Once the regime shift occurs, it is difficult to reverse, seriously affecting the ecological functions and service values of the lake ecosystem. Identifying tipping points and analyzing the process of lake regime shifts can help predict potential ecological risks, providing decision support for lake ecological protection, restoration, and integrated management. In this study, we took Lake Liangzi as an example to analyze water environmental changes, to identify the tipping points of AV, and to investigate the process of lake state shifts. For this purpose, a long-term dataset of AV and algal bloom (AB) was interpreted from remote sensing data, and combined with long-term data of key water environmental factors. Over the past 34 years (1990-2023), the ecosystem of Lake Liangzi had undergone significant changes. Lake water quality gradually deteriorated from 1990 to 2017. A sharp shift in transparency occurred in 2010, followed by abrupt changes in permanganate index and total nitrogen in 2011, and total phosphorus in 2017. The critical year for the lakes state shift occurred in 2016, with a shift in AV coverage, especially in submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), indicating the collapse of the AV-dominated state. During 2017-2023, the AV dramatically declined, and there were AB outbreaks in 2022-2023, suggesting that the lake was transitioned to a phytoplankton-dominated ecosystem. Integrating the shift periods of various factors, the regime shifts in Lake Liangzi could be divided into four stages, i.e., the macrophyte-dominated state (before 2010), significant increase of nutrient load (2011-2016), degradation of AV (2017-2021), and phytoplankton-dominated state (2022-2023). Our approach and findings provided theoretical support for ecological restoration and management decisions for Lake Liangzi. They also offered scientific reference for the early warning, restoration, and management of other shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. |
| Key words: Lake Liangzi regime shift evaluation of macrophyte-phytoplankton community lake ecosystem |
