| 摘要: |
| 潮白河流域是北京市生物多样性热点区域,研究潮白河大型底栖动物生物多样性和群落稳定性对了解潮白河水生态系统、提升生态系统保护质量有重要意义。本研究在潮白河流域山区段和平原段布设44个样点,于2020年9月(秋季)、12月(冬季)和2021年4月(春季)、7月(夏季)开展大型底栖动物群落及多样性调查。基于四次调查的底栖动物数据,分析潮白河流域底栖动物多维度生物多样性和群落稳定性的时空变化,利用Pearson相关性系数和广义线性模型分析各生物多样性指数和各群落稳定性指数之间的关系。结果表明,潮白河底栖动物的生物多样性和群落稳定性季节变化不显著,山区与平原区差异显著。山区Margalef丰富度指数等物种多样性较高,但是Pielou均匀度指数较低。此外,各功能多样性指数表示山区段底栖动物功能性状更丰富,冗余种更多。潮白河山区底栖动物次级生产力、周转率、物种竞争强度比平原区低,凝聚力比平原区高,表明山区群落稳定性比平原区高。从Pearson相关性分析得知,不同的生物多样性指数之间有存在较为显著相关性,而表征群落稳定性的不同指数之间相关性较弱、较不显著(p>0.05)。分析多样性与稳定性之间的相关性发现,物种分布越均匀、物种丰富度越高、生态位分化程度越高,则次级生产力越高,周转率越大,物种竞争越小,群落凝聚力越大,则群落稳定性越高。山区和平原底栖动物群落稳定性最简约模型都更倾向于分类多样性和功能多样性解释潮白河底栖动物群落稳定性的变化,功能分异度(FDiv)被选择的次数最多,表明物种性状丰度的差异性和种间生态位的互补程度是影响潮白河底栖动物群落稳定性的关键因素。但是仅有平原次级生产力的最简约广义线性模型的模型解释度较高,其余各模型解释度均较低,长期的环境因素可能对潮白河底栖动物群落稳定性影响更大。 |
| 关键词: 大型底栖动物 生物多样性 群落稳定性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFC3212600）和流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室资助项目（SKL2024YJTS04） |
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| Multiple biodiversity and community stability of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Chaobai River,Beijing |
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Zeng Chunya, Zhang Min, Qu Xiaodong, Du Longfei, Zhang Yuhang
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: China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research
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| Abstract: |
| The Chaobai River basin, a biodiversity hotspot in Beijing, plays a crucial role in understanding the river"s ecosystem and improving protection quality through studies on large benthic animal biodiversity and community stability. In this study, 44 sampling sites were set up in the mountainous and plain sections of the Chaobai River basin, and surveys of large benthic animal communities and their diversity were conducted in September 2020 (autumn), December 2020 (winter), April 2021 (spring), and July 2021 (summer). Using data from these surveys, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in multidimensional biodiversity and community stability of benthic animals in the Chaobai River basin and explored the relationships between various biodiversity and community stability indices using Pearson correlation coefficients and generalized linear models. Results showed that seasonal changes in biodiversity and community stability of benthic animals in the Chaobai River were not significant, while differences between mountainous and plain areas were pronounced. The Margalef richness index and other species diversity indices were higher in the mountainous area, but the Pielou evenness index was lower. Functional diversity indices indicated richer functional traits and more redundant species in the mountainous section. Secondary productivity, turnover rate, and species competition intensity of benthic animals were lower in the mountainous area of the Chaobai River than in the plain area, while cohesion was higher, suggesting greater community stability in the mountainous area. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between different biodiversity indices, while correlations between indices representing community stability were weak and not significant (p>0.05). Analysis of the correlation between diversity and stability found that more uniform species distribution, higher species richness, and greater niche differentiation led to higher secondary productivity, larger turnover rate, less species competition, and greater community cohesion, resulting in higher community stability. The most parsimonious models for community stability in both mountainous and plain areas favored taxonomic and functional diversity to explain changes in benthic animal community stability in the Chaobai River. Functional divergence (FDiv) was selected most frequently, indicating that differences in species trait abundance and interspecific niche complementarity are key factors affecting benthic animal community stability in the Chaobai River. However, only the model for secondary productivity in the plain area had relatively high explanatory power, while other models had low explanatory power, suggesting that long-term environmental factors may have a greater impact on benthic animal community stability in the Chaobai River. |
| Key words: Benthic macroinvertebrates biodiversity community stability |
