| 引用本文: | 龙良红,黄宇擘,徐慧,纪道斌,赵星星,崔玉洁,杨正健,刘德富.近20年来三峡水库水动力特性及其水环境效应研究:回顾与展望.湖泊科学,2023,35(2):383-397. DOI:10.18307/2023.0202 |
| Long Lianghong,Huang Yubo,Xu Hui,Ji Daobin,Zhao Xingxing,Cui Yujie,Yang Zhengjian,Liu Defu.Research on hydrodynamic characteristics and its water eco-environment effects in Three Gorges Reservoir in recent 20 years: Review and prospect. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(2):383-397. DOI:10.18307/2023.0202 |
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| 近20年来三峡水库水动力特性及其水环境效应研究:回顾与展望 |
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龙良红1,2, 黄宇擘2, 徐慧1,2, 纪道斌1,2, 赵星星1, 崔玉洁1, 杨正健1,2, 刘德富3
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1.三峡大学三峡水库生态系统湖北省野外科学观测研究站, 宜昌 443002;2.三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心, 三峡大学, 宜昌 443002;3.湖北工业大学河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430068
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| 摘要: |
| 三峡水库自2003年蓄水以来,水库干支流水环境状况及水华已成为广泛关注的问题,国内外不少学者对此开展了大量研究。本文回顾了近20年来三峡水库水环境相关研究,系统总结了三峡水库干支流水动力特征及其生态环境影响,并展望了三峡水库水动力相关研究的新视角、新内容、新方法、新技术。结果表明:(1)三峡水库蓄水后干支流水流分化特征明显,干流水体从上游的河流型水体逐渐转变为坝前的过渡型水体,而支流库湾则更偏向于湖泊型水体特征;(2)干支流密度差(温度差)驱动的分层异重流,水库日调节调度驱动的高频水流振荡,气象驱动的近表层水体混合是三峡水库支流库湾普遍存在的水动力现象,主导着支流库湾的水温分层和混合过程;(3)三峡水库特殊的水动力现象对支流库湾水温分层结构、营养盐输移补给、水华生消过程、温室气体排放等产生深远影响,应用生态调度调控支流库湾水动力过程来改善其水环境问题已成为该区域生态环境修复的重要技术手段。如何将上述新发现上升为具有三峡水库特色的系统理论与方法,并形成大型深水水库生态环境研究技术体系,服务于大型梯级水库群联合多目标优化调度实践,仍是今后努力的方向。 |
| 关键词: 水动力 分层异重流 水流振荡 水温分层 三峡水库 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0202 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(U2040220,52079069,52009066, KF2022-06)资助。 |
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| Research on hydrodynamic characteristics and its water eco-environment effects in Three Gorges Reservoir in recent 20 years: Review and prospect |
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Long Lianghong1,2, Huang Yubo2, Xu Hui1,2, Ji Daobin1,2, Zhao Xingxing1, Cui Yujie1, Yang Zhengjian1,2, Liu Defu3
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1.Hubei Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China;2.Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China;3.Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecological Restoration and Algae Utilization of Hubei University of Technology, Yichang 430068, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Since the impoundment in 2003, the water environment and algal bloom in the tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) have become widespread concerns. This paper reviews the research on its water environment in the past 20 years, systematically summarizes the hydrodynamic characteristics between the mainstream and tributaries and their eco-environmental impacts, and looks forward to the new perspective, new content, and new methods in TGR. The conclusions include: (1) After the impoundment of the TGR, the mainstream and tributaries are differentiated hydrodynamics. The water body in the mainstream gradually change from 'River-type’ (residence time < 20 days) in the upstream into 'Transitional-type’ (residence time >300 days) in the front of dam, but water body in the tributaries are 'Lake-type’; (2) The hydrodynamics phenomena, e.g., density current driven by the density (water temperature) difference between mainstream and tributary, flow oscillation driven by daily regulation and meteorologically-driven near-surface mixing, are prominent and ubiquitous in tributaries of TGR, and dominate the thermal stratification and mixing process in the tributary bay; (3) The unique hydrodynamic process in TGR have profound impacts on the thermal stratification, nutrient transport, water bloom, and greenhouse gas emissions. The ecological scheduling to improve the hydrodynamic process and water environment has become an important technical means. How to synthesize the above findings into a new system theory or method in Three Gorges Reservoir, which can be applied to the large-scale and deep-reservoir ecological environment research and serve joint multi-objective optimization scheduling practice in cascade reservoirs, is still the future efforts. By summarizing the hydrodynamic of TGR and its eco-environmental effects, this study helps to deepen the understanding of the hydrodynamic processes of large river-type reservoirs. |
| Key words: Hydrodynamic density current flow oscillation water temperature stratification Three Gorges Reservoir |
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