| 引用本文: | 拉巴卓玛,德吉央宗,拉巴,陈涛,次珍,邱玉宝,普布次仁.近40 a西藏那曲当惹雍错湖泊面积变化遥感分析.湖泊科学,2017,29(2):480-489. DOI:10.18307/2017.0224 |
| LABA Zhuoma,DEJI Yangzong,LA Ba,CHEN Tao,CI Zhen,QIU Yubao,PUBU Ciren.Remote sensing analysis on the area variations of Tangra Yutso in Tibetan Plateau over the past 40 years. J. Lake Sci.2017,29(2):480-489. DOI:10.18307/2017.0224 |
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| 近40 a西藏那曲当惹雍错湖泊面积变化遥感分析 |
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拉巴卓玛1,2, 德吉央宗2, 拉巴2, 陈涛2, 次珍3, 邱玉宝4, 普布次仁2
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1.中国气象局成都高原气象研究所(拉萨分部), 拉萨 850001;2.西藏高原大气环境科学研究所, 拉萨 850001;3.拉萨市气象局, 拉萨 850001;4.中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所数字地球重点实验室, 北京 100094
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| 摘要: |
| 西藏著名圣湖之一的当惹雍错，是藏北高原腹地内陆封闭大湖，对湖泊面积变化的长时间序列研究较少，本文通过高分辨率陆地资源卫星Landsat TM/ETM+数据源，利用遥感和地理信息系统软件，通过人工目视解译方法对1977-2014年当惹雍错湖泊面积变化进行系统分析，并结合流域临近气象站资料，流域冰川等辅助数据对其湖泊面积变化原因进行综合分析.结果表明，1977-2014年当惹雍错湖泊平均面积为835.75 km2，1977-2014年湖泊面积总体呈上升趋势，1970s湖泊平均面积为829.15 km2，1980s和1990s湖泊平均面积分别为827.50和826.42 km2，2000年之后湖泊面积明显增加，2000s湖泊平均面积与1970s相比，增幅为8.04 km2.当惹雍错湖泊空间变化特点是，位于最大河流入口处达尔果藏布的湖泊东南部扩大明显，湖泊西南部小湖1于2014年9月开始明显扩大并与当惹雍错有相连趋势；流域冰川融水是当惹雍错主要补给源，近40 a当惹雍错湖泊面积变化是在气温升高的背景下，冰川、降水量和蒸发量三者共同变化作用的结果. |
| 关键词: 当惹雍错 湖泊面积变化 遥感分析 西藏高原 |
| DOI：10.18307/2017.0224 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41165003，41371351，41561017）和西藏自治区气象局高原遥感技术应用创新团队项目联合资助. |
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| Remote sensing analysis on the area variations of Tangra Yutso in Tibetan Plateau over the past 40 years |
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LABA Zhuoma1,2, DEJI Yangzong2, LA Ba2, CHEN Tao2, CI Zhen3, QIU Yubao4, PUBU Ciren2
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1.Lhasa Branch of Chengdu Plateau Meteorological Research Institute of China, Meteorological Administration, Lhasa 850001, P. R. China;2.Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science Research, Lahasa 850001, P. R. China;3.Tibet Lhasa Meteorological Bureau, Lhasa 850001, P. R. China;4.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau play critical roles in the water cycle of the ecological and environmental systems of the plateau. The Tangra Yutso is one of the largest lakes in the Tibetan Plateau. There was rare analysis on the change in the Tangra Yutso lake area, particularly a long-time series analysis.This study analyzed the Tangra Yutso lake area change using the RS and GIS techniques, which were combined with the meteorological station element, environment factors such as glacier, to explore the reasons of lake area change in the past 40 years.The results showed that mean lake area is 835.75 km2 in 1977-2014, with the smallest lake area of 822.92 km2 in 1990. The lake area increased from 829.15 km2 in the 1970s to 827.50 km2 in the 1980s, and then 826.42 km2 in 1990s, respectivly. There was an increasing trend since 2000. The spatial variations of lake area are characterized by an increasing trend over the period of 1977-2014, particularly in the eastern and southern part of the lake, and the western small lake besides the Tangra Yutso is enlarged since September, 2014,and almost linked with the Tangra Yutso. The main reasons for lake change should be attributed to the melting of glaciers, snow cover and the increasing of precipitation caused by climate warming in the past 40 years. |
| Key words: Tangra Yutso lake area change remote sensing analyze Tibetan Plateau |
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