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| 1989-2021年蒙新高原湖泊时空特征及驱动力分析 |
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叶博文1, 孙 标1, 史小红1, 赵胜男1, 刘建强2, 刘婉露3, 姚卫泽1, 赵云靓1, 郭玉颖1, 庞嘉琪1
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1.内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院;2.内蒙古河套灌区水利发展中心排水分中心，内蒙古 巴彦淖尔;3.内蒙古科技大学包头师范学院外国语学院
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| 摘要: |
| 内陆湖泊是水资源系统的重要组成部分,不仅在维系区域生态平衡方面具有重要意义,还可作为区域气候变化和人类活动的指示器。本研究利用Google Earth Engine(GEE)遥感云平台,以JRC(JRC Global Surface Water)水体数据为主要数据源,运用皮尔逊相关分析和时间地理加权回归等方法研究1989-2021年蒙新高原湖区湖泊数量和面积的时空动态变化特征,并定量分析蒙新高原湖泊变化的主要原因。结果表明：近33 a来,蒙新高原湖泊数量和面积整体上显著增加,小型湖泊(1-10 km2)的面积和数量占比最大且增加最为显著,其次是中型湖泊(10-100 km2)和大型湖泊(>100 km2)。在所有海拔带中,湖泊普遍呈现扩张的趋势,其中低海拔地区(DEM<1000 m)的湖泊扩张最为显著。与低海拔地区相比,高海拔地区(DEM>1500 m)湖泊的变化受温度和降水影响显著,且在不同垂直地带上表现出一致性；湖区内18个流域的湖泊发生扩张,其中8个流域扩张显著,强烈的人类活动加之气候变化的影响,东部的额尔古纳河流域和内蒙古高原内陆河流域的湖泊明显萎缩。掌握蒙新高原湖泊时空变化特征及相关原因,对我国干旱半干旱区乃至全球气候变化和水资源保护提供理论参考。 |
| 关键词: 蒙新高原湖区 湖泊动态 气候变化 人类活动 驱动因素 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52369014、52060022），国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3206504）和内蒙古重点研发和成果转化计划项目（2023YFDZ0022）联合资助。 |
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| Temporal and spatial characteristics and driving forces of lakes in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau during 1989–2021. |
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YE Bo-wen,SUN Biao,SHI Xiao-hong,ZHAO Sheng-nan,LIU Jian-qiang,LIU Wan-lu,YAO Wei-ze,ZHAO Yun-liang,GUO Yv-ying,PANG Jia-qi
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Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Inland lakes are vital components of the water resource system. They not only maintain regional ecological balance but also serve as indicators of regional climate change and human activities. In this study, the Google Earth Engine (GEE) remote sensing cloud platform was used, and JRC (JRC Global Surface Water) water body data was used as the main data source. Pearson correlation analysis and time geographic weighted regression (GTWR) were used to study the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of the number and area of lakes in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau from 1989 to 2021, and the main reasons for the changes in lakes in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the number and area of lakes on the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau had increased significantly in the past 33 years. The area and number of small lakes (1–10 km2) accounted for the largest proportion and the most significant increase, followed by medium-sized lakes (10–100 km2) and large lakes (> 100 km2). In all elevation zones, lakes generally showed a trend of expansion. The changes in lakes in low-altitude areas (DEM<1500 m) were significantly affected by temperature and precipitation and showed consistency in different vertical zones. The lakes in 18 basins in the lake area expanded, of which 8 basins expanded significantly. Due to strong human activities and the impact of climate change, the lakes in the eastern Erguna River Basin and the inland river basin of the Inner Mongolia Plateau shrank significantly. Mastering the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and related causes of lakes in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau provided a theoretical reference for climate change and water resource protection in China"s arid and semi-arid regions and even the world. |
| Key words: The Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau lake area lake dynamics climate change human activities driving forces |
