| 摘要: |
| 定量解析污染源对水质影响的贡献是水环境精细化管理的重要基础。目前多通过水质和土地利用类型的关系以解析水体污染源的研究，忽略了空间尺度的差异性，引发景观配置不合理的后果。为此，本研究依据考虑空间尺度效应的污染源解析方法，基于异龙湖流域3条主要入湖河流的入湖口监测断面在雨季和旱季的水质数据进行研究。同时利用绝对主成分-多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR)和bioenv分析揭示河道不同尺度缓冲区的土地利用变化对水质的影响并解析河流主要污染源。研究结果表明：(1)异龙湖主要入湖河流水质表现出季节性差异，旱季期间三条主要入湖河流的浊度、化学需氧量（CODcr）、氨氮（NH4+-N）、总磷（TP）和总氮（TN）的浓度平均值相比于雨季分别减幅39.53%、39.93%、94.48%、38.29%、1.72%。其中，入湖河流水体中的TN在旱季和雨季的超标率分别为58%和74%，成为首要污染物；(2)在旱季，20 m缓冲区尺度内河流水质受耕地和裸地占比影响较大，随着空间尺度的扩大至50-300 m缓冲区尺度时建设用地、林地及水体占比对水质的影响增加；在雨季，CODcr、NH4+-N、TP和TN受20-300 m缓冲区尺度下的建设用地占比及200-300 m缓冲区尺度下的水体占比影响，溶解氧（DO）受20 m缓冲区尺度内的建设用地占比及50-300 m缓冲区尺度下的耕地占比影响；(3)异龙湖流域主要入湖河流在旱季的主要污染源是20 m缓冲区尺度内的裸地、20-100 m缓冲区尺度下的耕地、50-300 m缓冲区尺度下的建设用地以及100-300 m缓冲区尺度下的基塘-水库水体；雨季的主要污染源是20-300 m缓冲区尺度下的建设用地、200-300 m缓冲区尺度下水库-基塘以及50-300 m缓冲区尺度下的耕地。本研究在污染源解析过程中提出考虑不同河道缓冲区的空间尺度，在一定程度上可以克服受体模型的主观性，提高污染源识别和分配的准确性。研究结果可以帮助管理者明确在不同空间尺度下污染防治的重点，为水环境管理工作提供新的参考。 |
| 关键词: APCA-MLR 水质分异特征 土地利用 “源”“汇”景观理论 |
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| 基金项目:云南省科技重点研发计划、云南省科技基础研究计划、云南省基础研究计划重点项目 |
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| Analysis on pollution sources of main rivers inflowing into Yilong Lake considering spatial scale effect |
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Yuan Mengxiang1,2, Zhao Luoqi1,3, Gao Yvhan1,3, Huang Lv1,3, Ma Xvdong1,3, Shen Chunjie1,3, Liu Change1,3, Fu Denggao1,3, Duan Changqun1,3
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1.Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management,Yunnan Think Tank for Ecological Civilization Construction;2.: Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan University;3.: Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan
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| Abstract: |
| Quantitative analysis on influence of pollution sources on water quality is an important foundation for fine management of water environment. Currently, the pollution sources of water body are mostly studied through the relationship between water quality and land-use type, which ignores the differentiation of spatial scales and results in the consequence of inappropriate landscape configuration. For this reason, this thesis studies the water quality data of three main rivers inflowing into Yilong Lake at the entrance monitoring section in rainy season and dry season with the pollution source analysis method considering spatial scale effect. Besides, it studies the influence of land use change in buffer areas of different scales of river way on water quality with absolute principal component-multivariate linear regression (APCS-MLR) and bioenv and analyzes the main pollution sources of river. The research results show that: (1) The water quality of main rivers inflowing into Yilong Lake shows a seasonal difference. The average values of turbidity, CODcr as well as the concentration of NH4+-N, TP and TN in dry season decrease by 39.53%, 39.93%, 94.48%, 38.29% and 1.72% respectively compared with that in rainy season. The over standard rate of TN in rivers inflowing into Yilong Lake in dry season and rainy season are 58% and 74% respectively, so TN becomes the primary pollutant; (2) In dry season, the proportion of farmland and bare land has a great influence on the water quality of rivers in 20m buffer area scale. As the spatial scale increases to 50-300m buffer area scale, the influence of proportion of construction land, forest and water body on water quality increases; in rainy season, CODcr, NH4+-N, TP and TN are influenced by construction land proportion in 20-300m buffer area scale and water body proportion in 200-300m buffer area scale. DO is influenced by construction land proportion in 20m buffer area scale and farmland proportion in 50-300m buffer area scale; (3) The main pollution sources of main rivers inflowing into Yilong Lake in dry season include bare land in 20m buffer area scale, farmland in 20-100m buffer area scale, construction land in 50-300m buffer area scale and dike pond-reservoir water body in 100-300m buffer area scale; the main pollution sources in rainy season include construction land in 20-300m buffer area scale, reservoir-dike pond water body in 200-300m buffer area scale and farmland in 50-300m buffer area scale. In the process of analyzing pollution sources, this thesis proposes the spatial scale considering different buffer areas of river way, which overcomes the subjectivity of receptor model to some extent and improves the accuracy of pollution source identification and allocation. The research results will help the managers decide the pollution prevention and control priority in different spatial scales and provide a new reference for water environment management. |
| Key words: APCA-MLR Differential characteristics of water quality Land-use Source-sink landscape theory |
