Abstract:The utlization of lake rcsouress and researeh progress of limnology in China are described with following six respects:1.Expedition and comprcchensive investigation of lakes;2.Physical limnology;3.Sedimentology and poleolimnology;4.Hydrobiology and ecology;5.Hydrochemistry and environmental protection;6.Development and utlization of lake resourcss.

Abstract:This paper illustrates the outline of the rccent 20-year researeh work on lake's geomorphology and scdimcntology in China.Tbe prolific results are achieved as follows:l)All the large lakes in tiic middle-lower rcachcs of the Changjiang River were formed during human historical epoch. 2)A sedimentation model of the middle-lower rcachcs of the Changjiang River and the rift lakes oil Yunan Province is estabiished. 3)Somc results of studying palcolimnological environment, which serves the exploration of oil and gas are obtaind.4)The relationship between lacustrine sediment and palcoclimatic changcs is studied. 5)The sedimentary rates in some lakes are measured and the past, present, future of the lake environment of the lacustrinc sediment avaluatcd.

Abstract:Taihu Lake basin is the most important economic area in China with its catchment are being 36500km².Five sixths of its area belongs to plain, where many important cities such as Sanghai, Wuxi, Suzhou, and Houngzhou are locatcd. This water system includes Taihu Lake as its center combined with nearby river network. For the harness of the lake, stress is laid on the flood control, water supply, water resource protection and navigation.In order to make gcod use of Taihu Lake's regulation and to gain great comprehensive cfTicicncics in the Taihu Lake basin, tenitem key eng ncerings are laid out, among which are the Wangyu Canal and Taipu Canal. 80% of flood water from upstreams can Pow through these canals and 2.8km³ water from the Yangtzr River per year can be diverted so that the flood and water pollution maybe controlled.

Abstract:Qinghai-Xizang plateau is one of the most developmental incdern salt lake regions in the world. The salt lake are distributed mainly in the two districts with a high aridity-Northern Xizang and the Qaidam Basin. This plateau possesses the following excellent conditions for salification;1, the enclosed inland lake basin controlled by the subsidence of the fault;2, a sustained dry clinatc irora late pleistocene to ths presnt;3, a long-term supply for various natural water flows rich in salifiable ements, especially the ground thermal water flows rich in B, Li, Rh, Cs etc. These conditions are the dicisive factors for the regular distribution of the salt lakes.

Abstract:Luoma Lake, lying in the north of jiangsu Province, used to be a fault sunken block caused by the movement of the great Tanlu Fault. It was formed into a lake due to the change of ancient water system in geological age. After the Huanghe River changed its course into Sihe and the Huaihe River, Huanghe, Yihc and other rivers flooded frequently, which made the lake expand in Ming Dynasty. In recent 300 years, the lake was gradually silled up along with deposition of the Huanghe River sediments and reclamation.After 1958, with the progress in the project of "Regulating the Huaihe River", Luoma Lake was dammed to be a large man-controlled lake which at present performs comprehensive function of flood control, irrigation, fishery, navigation and etc.

Abstract:Sheyang Lake was once in ancientry the largest lake in the north Jiangsu Plain. It was deep and vast, and swarllowed the water drainaging from Yongzou, Xinghua, Gaoyou, Baoying, Taizou, Yaogchen regions and flowed eastward to the Yellow sea. From the Spring and Autumn period to the North Song Dynasty, it was the transport way between the Changjiang River and the Hucihe River. After 1128 A.D.(the Huanghe River flooded southward and deprived the lower Harihc River), the Huanghe River overflowed and bursted frequently, and carried enomous silt and sand southward and deposited in the Lixiahe area with the deposits accummalating, Sheyang Lake almostly changed into a plain during the period from the end of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty. By now, the remains of Sheyong Lake are only Majadong pool and the sheyongRiver which flows into the Yellow Sea. According to the synthetic analysis based on the micro-landform, drill data.lithological character and lithofacies, sporc-pollen, the fossil of marine organisms and micro-paleorganisms by physiographers, it is affirmed that Sheyong Lake was a fresh water lake developed from a lagoon during Holocene higher sea level period in North Jiangsu plain.

Abstract:Poyang lake is the largest freshwater lake in China.During the low water level in autumn and winter, ecological environment of wetland in the delta front of the Ganjiang River consists of grass bank, muddy beach and back depression, providing favourable conditions for migratory birds to survive their winter. The investigation shows that the wetland at altiude of 12-13m is the most favourable place for migratory birds7 wintering. However the building of Three-gorges Reservoir may alleviate the discharge of the Changjing River in October, thus, may lead to the falling of the water level and to the exposedness of the lake bcach earlier than expected. The above-mentioned results exert less influence on herbivorous birds, but may reduce the numbers of animal foods slightly, the grass bank resources may be used not only earlier, but alse fully, because of the expanding of the lake beach, but the shelter condictions for migratory birds' wintering may get worse.

Abstract:Chenghu Lake belongs to the city of Suzhou with an area of 45 km² and an average depth of 1.83m .There are very few aquatic plants in Chenghu Lake and the principal cultural fishes are silver carp and big head carp.All of the samples were collected from the stations in Chenghu Lake, 94 genera of phytoplankton were identified. The dominant species are Microcystis aeruginosa, Melosira granulata, Scenedesmus quadricauda. The total number of the phytoplankton varies with the seasons. There are 20365110 cell/L, 18655580 cell/L, 1759910 cell/L, 12246920 cell/L in spring, summer, autumn and winter separately. The biomass of the phytoplankton varies with the seasons too. There are 13.255mg/L, 3.932mg/L, 1.074mg/L and 10.807mg/L in spring, summer, autumn and winter separately. The potential development of fishery in Chenghu Lake was discussed.

Abstract:The Present work was carried out during 1986-1987. Sixty-one zoobenthic species (including 14 species belonging to aquatic oligochaetes, 25 to aquatic insects, 17 to molluscs and 5 to other taxa) were found. Among them, Branchiura sowerbyi, Limnodrilus hoffmeisieri, Polypedilum sp., Chironomus plumosus, Chaoborus sp., Gyraulus albus, Alocinma longicornis and Bellamya aeruginosa are predominant.The mean density of the zoobenthos in the lake as a whole was 460ind/m² and the biomass was 55.415g/m². The highest density of the zoobenthos was found in winter, while the highest biomass was in autumn. Standing crops of the zoobenthos varied with different subregions of the lake. Population densities revealed a gradual diminution according to the following order:Xiaosihai>Qiaodunhu>Baoankou>Dahu>Biandantang. In terms of biomass, such order was found to be Biandantang>Xiaosihai>Baoankou>Dahu Qiaodunhu.A comparison of the zoobentbos of Baoan lake with that of the other lakes is presented. The possible fishery utilization of the zoobenthic resource in the lake is also discussed.

Abstract:The individual ecology and population ecology of Neosalanx taihuensis Chen introduced into Dianche Lake in 1979-1985 as well as resource variation are observed and analyzed. It is believed that the physical and chemical environments and food foundation in Dianche Lake are preferable for growth and reproduction of Neosalanx taihuensis Chen.therefore their periods of growth and sexual mature are shortened .Several months later after its introduction on April 1979 the Neosalanx mdcbed up to its sexual mature on November the same year. The hatching baby fishes began to breed on April-May the third year. In this case, three breeding populations were formed in one year, namely spring population, fall population and winter population, but their life cycle is still within year. It is clear that the population develops, very fast. From 1980 to 1986, the total catching yield amounted to 10 million kg. The highest yield was in 1984 and 1986, respectively, reaching 3 million kg. The annual average is about 100.8/ha.

Abstract:Dianchi Lake is abundant in high quality peat in Yunnan Province. It is distributed along the littoral areas in the northern and southern parts of the lake And mainly deposited in the long-linear deltas of the longitudinal rivers except for some exposed peat which spreads over the northern bank of Dianchi lake, Chaohei and Haigen. Dianchi Lake has thicker layer peat in its northern bank than in the southern bank with the reserves dccrcaseing eastwards. The quaiernary strata contain successive lignite or peat deposits. The peat in Dianchi Lake was formed under the same climate as the present in Holocene by the factors of geology, geomorphy and hydrology.

Abstract:The scientific argument on the implementation of the Three-Gorge Project since 1980s is presented in this paper