Based on the relationship between regional development and water environment protect and affection of water environmentquality of river and lake on regional development, the paper analysed regional disparity of water environmental risk and controllingof water pollution discharge in regional development. Taking Wuxi as a case, comprehensively considering physical geographicalfactors such as river and lake hydrological condition, watershed geomorphic condition etc, the whole city had been divided into twosections of the first grade environmental cells, thirty four sections of the second grade environment sub-cells, as estimating cells ofwater environmental risk. According to the relationships between land development and change of water environments, severalfactors had been selected, such as function of water utilization, connecting condition to water body (Lake Taihu, Yangtze River, etc)outside, water quality needs and the channels of leading water, and geomorphic condition for evaluating and regionalize the risk ofwater environments for four grads by using GIS spatial analyzing and statistic analyzing methods. As a result, the area with big riskof water environments would not allow the development of water polluting factory and inhabitant quarter. It could be the one ofguidances for the spatial development.