On August 2006, grave soils from organic and conventional farming were sampled within the watershed of Fuxian Lake inYunnan Province. Soil granule composition, heavy metal contents and nutrition accumulation in the soil profile were determined.Nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the soils were assessed by the in-door rainfall simulation. The results were as below: 1) bothorganic and conventional farming practices significantly lower the soil sand content on the 0-20 cm soil profile;2) all soil heavymetal contents met the Class A standard of National Environment Quality Standard for Soils (GB/15618-1995) except Cd which onlymet Class B standard;3) soil total nitrogen and organic matter accumulated in the 0-20 cm soil profile, and showed no significantdifferences between organic and conventional farming practices. The accumulation of soil total phosphorus, NO3-N and waterdissolved phosphorus (WSP) under the organic farming practice is significantly higher than those under conventional farmingpractice;and 4) under the condition of 780 mm rainfall simulation, the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the organicfarming soil is higher than that from the conventional farming. Total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the organicfarming soil were 1.9 and 19.8 times higher than those from the conventional farming soil, respectively.