The recovery of submerged macrophyte community is important to the purification of water quality and the restoration of beautiful landscape, and also to the sustentation of the lake fishery with high quality and high economic benefit because the fishery species with high market-price, such as Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards and mandarin fish Sini-perca chuatsi (Basilewsky), do not grow well without the densely submerged macrophyte community. By catching the herbivorous fishes (grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, MegaLobrama amblycephala Yih, Cyprinidae) and the omnivorous fishes (common carp Cyprinus carpio L., crucian carp Carassius auratus L.) which are harmful to the submerged macrophyte growth, and transplanting the aquatic plants (Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton macckianus, MyriophylIum spicatum, Ceratophy Lurn demersum ) on the calm days in early spring when the water depth was 0.1-1.0 m, the submerged macrophyte community was recovered in Xiao-si-hai Lake (area is 133.3 ha) near to the middle reach of Yangtze River, China in 1995.Because of the recovery of submerged macrophyte community, the traditional fishery type which applying fertilizer to culture the plankton feeder (silver carp HypophthaLmichthys molitrix and bighead Aristichthys nobilis ) with low market price was given up, and began with a new fishery by stocking the crab and the mandarin fish to gain a great benefit in Xiaosihai Lake. The biomass, cover rate of submerged macrophyte is 2730g/m², 100%, respectively, in autumn in 1997, and the crab production is 4739.5kg in 1997.