氟污染对宁夏清水河流域水土系统细菌群落的影响分析
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1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院;2.宁夏大学生命科学学院;3.宁夏回族自治区生态环境监测中心

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宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2023AAC02026); 宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)项目(NXYLXK2021A03)


Effect of Fluoride Pollution on the Bacterial Community in the Water-Soil System of the Qingshui River Basin in Ningxia
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    摘要:

    为探明氟污染对水土系统细菌群落的影响,本研究于2022年在宁夏清水河流域采集地表水、沉积物及河岸带土壤样本66组,按地表水氟浓度划分为低氟组(F? < 1.0 mg/L)、高氟Ⅰ组(1.0 ≤ F? < 1.5 mg/L)和高氟Ⅱ组(F? ≥ 1.5 mg/L),通过16S rDNA高通量测序及多态氟形态分析,系统解析了氟污染下细菌群落的响应特征。结果表明:氟污染降低了细菌α多样性(低氟组 > 高氟Ⅰ组 > 高氟Ⅱ组),但沉积物Chao1指数因稀有物种生态位释放而出现升高现象。弯曲杆菌门(Campilobacterota)和脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)被鉴定为耐氟菌门,其中脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)的物种以低丰度参与硫酸盐还原缓解氟毒性。硫卵菌属(Sulfurovum)等是水土系统中的耐氟细菌属。细菌参与下沉积物/土壤中的残余固定态氟(Res-F)主要通过分解转化为其他形态,土壤环境更有利于细菌对Res-F的分解。本研究首次建立了清水河流域细菌群落与多态氟的关联框架,加深了人们对河流生态系统中氟化物对细菌群落影响的理解,为制定切实有效的生态环保政策提供了科学依据,有助于阻断或减轻氟化物对生态环境的潜在风险。

    Abstract:

    To investigate the impact of fluoride pollution on bacterial communities in the water-soil system, this study collected 66 sets of surface water, sediment, and riparian soil samples from the Qingshui River basin in Ningxia in 2022. The samples were categorized into three groups based on the fluoride concentration in the surface water: low fluoride group (F? < 1.0 mg/L), high fluoride I group (1.0 ≤ F? < 1.5 mg/L), and high fluoride II group (F? ≥ 1.5 mg/L). Bacterial community responses were systematically analyzed through 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and polymorphic fluoride species analysis. The results revealed that fluoride pollution decreased bacterial α-diversity (low fluoride group > high fluoride I group > high fluoride II group), although the Chao1 index of sediments increased due to niche release by rare species. The phyla Campilobacterota and Desulfobacterota were identified as fluoride-tolerant bacterial phyla, with species of Desulfobacterota participating in sulfate reduction to alleviate fluoride toxicity at low abundances. Genera such as Sulfurovum were recognized as fluoride-tolerant bacterial genera in the water-soil system. Bacteria facilitated the conversion of residual fixed fluoride (Res-F) in sediments and soils by decomposing and transforming it into other forms, with soil environments proving more favorable for bacterial decomposition of Res-F. This study establishes the first framework linking bacterial communities to polymorphic fluoride in the Qingshui River basin, enhancing the understanding of the impact of fluoride on bacterial communities in river ecosystems. It provides a scientific basis for the development of effective ecological and environmental protection policies, contributing to mitigating or reducing the potential risks of fluoride pollution to the ecological environment.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-07
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-02
  • 录用日期:2025-04-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-09
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