Lake Poyang is an important wintering habitat for waterbirds on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, and geese are the dominance species along the flyway. While their populations along the flyway have declined and it is urgent to clarifying their spatial and temporal distribution pattern and hotspots, which is the precondition and foundation for scientific and effective conservation. A total of 58 surveys were conducted in the sub-lakes of Lake Poyang from 2018 to 2021. Based on the ground survey data of geese, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution dynamics of wintering geese, evaluated the importance of sub-lakes in Lake Poyang, and proposed the hotspot areas of geese. The results showed that the population of the three species of geese in the wintering ground fluctuated annually, and the total counts of geese remains at 279000-448000. There were differences in the migration time rhythms of different species of geese. The results showed that greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons), bean geese (Anser fabalis) and swan geese (Anser cygnoid) arrived at Lake Poyang from early October to November 8th, November 18th, and December 8th, respectively, with swan geese arriving the latest. The peak period was from the end of November to the beginning of February, and lasts for 100 days. The three species of geese began to leave Poyang Lake on February 18th, February 28th and March 18th, respectively. The spatial distribution of geese differed, with Bean geese having the widest distribution and greater white-fronted geese having the narrowest. During the wintering period, all three geese had the widest distribution in the peak period, and the highest utilization intensity of sub-lakes. In terms of spatial distribution pattern, Lake Dahuchi and Lake Dacha were most important for geese. Lake Poyang Nature Reserve was the most important hotspot area for geese, followed by Duchang Nature Reserve, while sub-lakes outside nature reserves were also important, especially for Swan geese. This study is important to accurately delineate the spatial and temporal distribution of wintering geese, carry out habitat protection and restoration, and strengthen the protection and management of the sub-lakes.