Owing to the changing hydrological and sediment regimes following the operation of the Three Gorges Project (TGP), vegetation dynamics of mid-channel bars in the Middle Yangtze River (MYR) have undergone significant alterations. Continuous monitoring of vegetation dynamics is therefore critical to understand the response of vegetation communities to the upstream damming while to foster proactive bar restoration projects. Satellite remote sensing techniques have been widely used for long-term river-scale investigations. Of the many studies that have applied satellite remote sensing technique to assess the vegetation dynamics of mid-channel bars, the vast majority have focused on obtaining the changes in the vegetation cover area or rate but paid less attraction on the trends of vegetation growth and distribution patterns. Therefore, this paper devised a set of methods to retrieve the inundation and vegetation dynamics of mid-channel bars. By taking four representative mid-channel bars in the MYR as examples, the impact of TGP on the vegetation dynamics was quantitively assessed. The main findings included: (i) due to the operation of the TGP, the inundation frequency of the mid-channel bars drastically decreased. Hence, there were more areas meeting the germination conditions of flood-tolerant species, leading to an increase in the vegetation area. Meanwhile, flood-intolerant species on high-elevation regions gradually colonised low-elevation areas, leading to an increment in the vegetation dynamics; (ii) the post-TGD flood in 2016, carrying a mean sediment concentration of 0.08 kg/m³, exerted a more detrimental impact on the vegetation than the pre-TGD flooding of a similar scale in 2002 (mean sediment concentration equaling 0.39 kg/m³); and (iii) some morphologically stable mid-channel bars were transitioned into a degraded state in approximately 10 years after the operation of the TGP. Concerning morphologically unstable mid-channel bars, their vegetation pattern were changed along with the geomorphology.