Lake Shengjin, a typical shallow lake connecting Yangtze River in the middle and lower Yangtze floodplain, is an important wintering habitat for waterbirds on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. From November 2017 to March of 2018, ccommunity structure, behavioral characteristics of wintering dabbling duck (Anas) and the dominant environmental factors in reed wetland, foxnut ponds, farmland-returning wetland and aquatic vegetation restoration wetland at Lake Shengjin were studied. The results show that there were 10 species of dabbling duck at Lake Shengjin, in which spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), common teal (A. crecca) and mallard (A. platyrhynchos) were dominant species in the community. In early winter the species and numbers of dabbling duck reached maximum. During the whole overwintering period, the species, number, density and diversity of dabbling ducks reached the peak in reed wetland. The main behavior of dabbing ducks was taking rest in reed wetlands with large-coverage aquatic plants and weak human activity, and was foraging and vigilance in foxnut ponds and farmland-returning dampness with abundant food and strong human activities. The number, flock size, density, diversity and foraging behaviors of dabbling duck community were positively correlated with the wetland area, water area, aquatic plant coverage, while negatively correlated with disturbance degree and water depth. The foraging time of dabbling duck has positive relationship with temperature and coverage degree of submerged plants, and negative relationship with water depth and disturbance. The vigilance time of dabbling ducks was positively related with disturbance and negatively related with the coverage degree of water plants. Various types of restored wetlands have become important habitats for wintering dabbling ducks, therefore, restoring a variety of wetland habitats is of great importance to the protection of wintering waterbirds.