Iron(hydr)oxides mediated immobilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic phosphate (DIP) is ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems, which plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and phosphorus. The immobilization of DOM and DIP based on iron(hydr)oxides is mainly via adsorption and coprecipitation, and there is a complex interaction among iron(hydr)oxide, DOM and DIP. This paper reviewed the relevant studies on the immobilization of DOM and DIP by iron(hydr)oxides and their interactions. We discussed the interaction mechanism and influencing factors on the interaction among iron (hydr)oxides, DOM and DIP during the processes of adsorption and coprecipitation. The presence of DOM affects the fixation of DIP by occupying the adsorption sites on the surface of iron(hydr)oxides, complexing and inhibiting iron hydrolysis and precipitation. The properties of DOM, such as molecular size, aromatic components, carboxyl functional group content are the main decisive factors. The presence of DIP changes the immobilization and fractionation of DOM by iron(hydr)oxides, and thus the composition and properties of DOM in solution. After clarifying the interaction of iron(hydr)oxides, DOM and DIP, the potential effects of these interactions on internal phosphate release and carbon burial in lakes were discussed. The potential future research issues were proposed.