Lake Baiyangdian is an important part of Xiongan's ecological community. In the "Lake Baiyangdian Ecological Environment Management and Protection Plan", water villages and farmland in Lake Baiyangdian will be submerged. The survey and analysis of soil environmental elements are still rare on the lands in Lake Baiyangdian. This paper takes the 0-20 cm soil of Lake Baiyangdian's lands to examine the pollution patterns of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, N and P elements using statistical description, correlation analysis, variance analysis and factor analysis. The results show that the significant differences in the distribution of main environmental elements on different types of land soil in Lake Baiyangdian are the result of the combined effects of atmospheric deposition with human industrial and agricultural activities. Besides the P, all the other environmental elements' background values are higher than those in around areas. It tends to enrichment. Most of the elements are enriched in agricultural lands, especially in paddy fields, but the Hg element is more easily enriched in village lands. Environmental elements in the lands of Lake Baiyangdian come from three ways:Ni, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, Cd are mainly from the atmosphere and coal burning, P, N, Hg, Cd, Pb are mainly from fertilizer and activities of human, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb are mainly from the small melting workshop.