As one proxy of water evolution, hydrologic cycle and water balance in lakes, the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (δD and δ¹⁸O) had been wildly utilized during lake researching. However, one problem is that a few works based on stable isotopes of lake water had been done in Cold-Arid regions of China. In this paper, to analyze the relationships of δD and δ¹⁸O and their feedbacks on precipitation process and vaporization process, totally 144 samples of lake water, river water and precipitation water had been collected in summer Dali-nor Lake, which locates in Cold-Arid area of Inner Mongolia, North China. Meanwhile, the typical physical and chemical proxies of lake water had been measured, such as temperature, salinity, pH value, and so on. By comparing the values of δD and δ¹⁸O among different types of sample, we concluded that:The values of classical physical and chemical proxies of lake water offset a certain degree following depth change, and are also a little different between different regions at the same water depth. But there are no clearly fluctuations appeared, such as thermocline and halocline, in summer Dali-nor Lake. As a whole, the characteristics of water mass are essentially stable in summer Dali-nor Lake. But, the values of δD and δ¹⁸O both become lighter and lighter following water depth changing. For example, the value of δD and δ¹⁸O are about -31.723‰ and -1.785‰ in surface water, and about -31.776‰ and -1.838‰ in bottom water, respectively. The meteoric water line is δD=8.22 δ¹⁸O+6.82 (R²=0.936, n=42), which shows that the change of δD and δ¹⁸O in precipitation had influenced both by rainfall process and vaporization process in Dali-nor Lake. The precipitation may have stronger influence on fractional distillation of δD and δ¹⁸O than evaporation process in July and August. Correspondingly, the evaporation process may have stronger influence on fractional distillation of δD and δ¹⁸O than precipitation process in June and September. As a result, the relationships of δD and δ¹⁸O in surface water and bottom water are different in summer Dali-nor Lake. The relationship in surface water is nearly with those in precipitation and river water, but the relationship of bottom water is close to those in groundwater. Resumptively, the value changes of δD and δ¹⁸O in surface water might be influenced mainly by evaporation process and precipitation process, and those might be influenced mainly by groundwater input in deeper water.