The Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter(CDOM) was analyzed quantitatively using fluorescence spectroscopy regional volume integral method. The spatial distribution characteristics of CDOM were studied by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy in Lake Erhai sediments. The results showed that the highest proportion was the humic acid (ranging from 44.5% to 74.2% in sediments), followed by soluble microbial metabolites and fulvic acid with their content 10.7%-20.4% and 8.19%-19.7%, respectively. The lowest was the class protein components. The proportion of humic acid was negatively correlated with H/C and N/C. The concentration of fulvic acid and the class protein components accounted for a relatively high proportion in the southern lake core platform, and CDOM had strongly self-origin. The dissolved microbial metabolites accounted for a relatively high proportion in the northern aquatic plant distribution area, and CDOM showed strongly terrestrial origin. The humic acids accounted for a relatively high proportion in the central deep water area and the north and south lake bays, with the increase of water depth, the self-origin characteristics of CDOM was increased in sediments. With the increase of sediment depth, the humic acid and soluble microbial metabolites was decreased, the fulvic acid was increased. The self-generated source characteristics and the degree of fatification of CDOM were increased. As the lake eutrophication increased, the influence of microbial metabolites on the CDOM of sediments was increased, and its terrestrial sources was increased will its self-generated source was reduced. The CDOM of lake sediments had the indicating significance to eutrophication.