Metazoan zooplankton and environmental factors in Digou coal mining subsided lakes in Anhui Province were investigated bimonthly from August 2015 to June 2016. Metazoan zooplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors were analyzed. A total of 53 species from 27 genera of metazoan zooplankton were identified which consisted of 38 species of rotifers, 9 species of cladocerans and 6 species of copepoda. According to the abundance and occurrence, Brachionus calyciflorus, B. angularis, B. budapestiensis, Polyarthra trigla, Keratella valga, K. cochlearis, Bosmina longirostris and Thermocyclops hyalinus were the dominant species. The mean density and biomass of metazoan zooplankton were 965.00±541.91 ind./L and 3.42±2.17 mg/L, respectively. The density was highest in February, and lowest in December 2015, with the spatial pattern of increasing from west to east. The biomass was highest in October, and lowest in December 2015, with the spatial pattern of decreasing from west to east. The Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index and Pielou index of the metazoan zooplankton community were 2.07-3.22, 0.83-1.72, and 0.67-0.80, respectively. The results of redundancy analysis and the Pearson correlation analysis indicated that phytoplankton biomass, water temperature and nutrient were the three main environmental drivers affecting the metazoan zooplankton community structure in Digou coal mining subsided lakes. The physical-chemical parameters, trophic state index, the dominant species of metazoan zooplankton and biodiversity index indicated that the lake was under light eutrophication.