The vascular flora in Lake Erhai wetland was investigated from May to December in 2009, and we found 145 species be-longed to 108 genera in 47 families, including 15 trees and shrubs, 75 hygrophytes, 15 emergent macrophytes, 26 submerged mac-rophytes, 7 floating-leaved and floating plants, respectively.The wetland held 15 communities, such as Salix cavaleriei, Zizania latifolia, Trapa natans and Potamogeton maackianus comm.Aquatic vegetation covered about 8% of total water area of the lake, and the average species number and biomass were 9 and 12.5 kg(FW)/m² in exploring sites, respectively.Richness index of Margalef species was 1.8706 in submerged macrophyte zone.Analysis with combinations of existing data indicated that plant diver-sity increased after enhancing management and lakeshore wetland restoration in the recent ten years and improved the situation of plant diversity decreasing in the northern lake.However, many problems still exist in the lakeshore wetland, such as narrow lake-shore areas, monotonous emergent macrophyte in the community, low coverage of aquatic vegetation, and the inherent flora ingredi-ent to be restored.In order to improve functions of the lakeshore wetland, to increase water transparency and to advance the cover-age of aquatic vegetation, we strongly suggest constructing the buffer areas.