Domestic and foreign scholars develop a lot of researches on the nutrient substances and their circulation for a longtime, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and make much progresses on its pollution processes, control and management. The re-searches are focusing on the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and inorganic nitrogen-phosphorus at present, while little researchwork about the sources and cycle of organic nitrogen-phosphorous, and its ecological effects has been done. Recent study showsthat organic nitrogen and phosphorous is an important component in the lake water environment and sediments, and it can transferinto bio-available nutrient by enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial activity. This behavior plays an important role in the lake ecosys-tem. In this paper, we analyze on the research progresses of organic nitrogen-phosphorous, and discusses on its significance, re-search difficulties, main technology breaks and the existing scientific issues in the lake water environment study. It is pointed outthat the study on organic nitrogen and phosphorous can contribute to the study of aquatic ecosystem and eutrophication mechanism,and it has great value on the research of developing water quality standard, environmental quality assessment, pollution control andecological restoration. The results show that on the basis of inorganic nitrogen-phosphorous study, the main research trend in thisGeld in the future should focuses on the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics, main interfacial migration and transformationand its bioavailability of the nutrition component, such as organic nitrogen and phosphorous, and also focuses on the revealing the coupling relationship between the organic nitrogen-phosphorous and the life process of lake, and improving the nitrogen-phosphor-ous theory.