Based on the proportion of cross-section category, the Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index was calculated for thewater and sediment quality evaluation in Ebinur Lake Catchment during high-water period, 2008. The result showed that the mainindicators (TN, TP and NH₄ ⁺ -N) exceed the national standards, especially in Bortala river, i.e., TP exceeded 14.1 times and TN 10.1times. Furthermore, according to GB3838-2002, the monitored stations showed serious water deteriation with about 30% belowCetegory in Ⅴ Ebinur Lake Catchment. The result indicated that Lake Ebinur drainage area during high-water period pollutedmoderately.