To evaluate the environmental change of Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu, the elemental geochemical records of the sedimentcore were analyzed by the element enrichment factors and multivariate statistical methods like hierarchical cluster and fuzzy cluster.The results of element enrichment factors showed the enrichment of heavy metals in surface layers. Hierarchical cluster analysismade it possible to separate several groups of elements with different sources or geochemical behaviors. Moreover, fussy C-meansclustering method was applied to divide geochemical records of the sediment into several segments and separate natural factors fromanthropogenic. The enrichment of heavy metals and nutrients above 6cm depth was dominated by human activities. Both lower levelsbetween 25 and 50cm depth and higher levels between 55 and 72cm depth of most elements had been driven by natural processes andbeen affected by catchment sources, and that discrimination between them indicated lacustrine environmental change driven bydifferent natural processes. The transition periods on environment were reflected in other segments. Integrating these multivariatestatistical methods is an efficient tool in achieving better understanding on the quantitative analysis for the complex factors thatinfluence lakes, and helpful to reconstruct the history of environmental change in lakes.