Before 1980s, there were over 107 species belong to 25 families of fish in hke Taihu, which can be divided into 4 ecological group, i. e.,migratory, river-lake migratory, potamophilus and limnocolous. A total of 60species of fish belong to 18 families were collected in the lake from Sep. 2002 to Jan. 2006. Among them, 4 species(Megalobrama amblycephala, Cirrhinus molitorelGa, Carassius auratus gibelio and Oreochromis niloticus)weretransplanted into the lake. From 1960s to now, grass carp, black carp, silver carp, bighead carp and blunt snoutbream were stocked mainly with the artificial cultural fingerling. From 1978 to now, the stocking object of eel(Anguilla japonica) were natural fry collected from the Yangtze River. During the end of 1950s to 1985,duo to"river-lake blocking0 caused by artificial interruptions between the Yangtze River and Lake Taihu, the recmitmentof those fish species that can not spawn in standinE; water were disappeared and natural fish resources of the lakehad steadily declined. Moreover, reckless ove}shing and inadequate protection of the spawners caused the diminulion both in the size of fish species and of individual fishes, resulting the lake being dominated by species of smallsize as well as by populations of stunted growth. The optimization of fishery strategy for the lake has been put forward in view of the above results and environmental effect.