This paper investigated community structure，density and diversity of small-sized fish with seine in Lake Niushan,Hubei Prowince. 14 species were collected. Cultrichthys erythropteras, Taxabramis swinhonis, Pseudoras-bora parva, and Acheilognathinae, including Rkodeus ocellatus, R. lighti and Paracheilognathus imberbis, were the dominant species. Majority of small-sized fishes were one year old. The density of small-sized fishes in the seine was about 5. 8 ind/m² or 14. 0 g/m². Diversity of fish community in the seine was low. The diversity index(H^,)， dominance index(A) and evenness index(J^,) of small-sized fish community were 1. 802，0. 484 and 0. 503 respectively. The macrophyte played an important role in determining the distribution of fish community. The biomass of small-sized fishes in the macrophyte regions was significantly higher than it in the regions without macrophyte. There was no significant effect of depth and transparence on the distribution of small-sized fish community in the Lake Niushan. Small-sized fish can be use reasonably, in order to increase economic and ecological benefit, through optimizing fish community structure and enhancing piscivorous fish.