With pollution from point sources being dramatically reduced, non-point source pollution(NPSP) is the major cause of most water that does not meet water quality goals. Based on the studies in recent years, this paper summarizes the research results of non-point source pollution in Taihu Region. Non-point source pollution is caused by soil erosion from cropland and from pesticide and fertilizer applications, livestock industry, urban runoff and village living sewage, and wet and dry deposition. The effect factors on NPSP are discussed and the distribution of NPSP in time and space is analyzed. At last, we propose several measurements to control and management NPSP.