the realization of tlie Three Gorges Project (TGP) is discussed all over the world. These discussions are often not objective. In this paper the main positive and negative aspects of the TGP are described. There is a focus on its flood control function and the economy of the region surrounding the reservoir. All in all, it can be pointed out that power generation, as an argument in favour of the realization of the TGP is more convincing than the argument of flood protection. Although flood waves from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River can be cut, there will still be a high risk of floods in the catchment of the middle reaches. Generally, these floods are the result of strong precipitation in this region and they cannot be prevented by the TGP and the storage capacity management which is planned. The generation of power will have a positive influence on the economic development of Central China and besides will secure the energy supply of the prosperous cities along the East Coast, especially of Shanghai.