In this paper, many historical documents and local chronicles were analyzed to investigate the effects of human activities on evolut ions of Sheyang Lake, the results show ed that during the period from the Qin-Han Dy nasty to South Song Dynasty, the Fan'gong dike and the canals heavily affected the evolution of Shey ang Lake from lagoon to freshw ater lake, especially the Fan' gong dike.However, there were a few times of the canal dike bursting, resulting some silt brought by the river in the lake region that it did not heavily af fect the Sheyang Lake.Similarly, Reclaimation from lakes was minor, therefore the area of Sheyang Lake remained unchanged. In the past 700 years or so, the Huang he River Rad had captured Huaihe River for many times, especially after Jia-Long of the Ming Dynasty, the Sheyang Lake reduced extensively because it received a great quantity of silt which was brought in by Huang he River.As a result of the dike-const ruction of the canal and lakes, Sheyang Lake had frequent flood disasters which resulted in the acceleration of siltation.Channel dredging and reclamation around the lake made Sheyang Lake shrunk, disintegrated, and turned into a long strip one, most of which became marsh or farmland by the end of the Qing Dynasty.