Icefishes(Salangidae) are very important and valuable fishes in the inland waters of China.The N.taihuensis was successfully introduced from Taihu Lake to Dianchi Lake by the scientific workers in Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, CAS in the end of 1970s.Up to mow, there are only two species for successful transplantation, one is N.taihuensis, the other Protosalanx chinensis, although more than 20 species of icefish have been found and identified in China.Neosalaruc pseudotaihuensis is a new species which was nominated by Zhang Yulin in 1987.It is similar to N.taihuensis not only in form, but also in body size, growth speed and food selestissty.In recent years, it has found its distribution in some lakes and reservoirs in Hubei Province, and becomes dominant and forms a larger productive scale in Xujiahe Reservoir,Guangshui City,Hubei Province.The research reveals that N. pseudotaihuensis is a new icefish species which can be transplanted to lakes and reservoirs.