The lakes district on Yun-Gui Plateau is one of the five big lake distrcts in China with most of the lakes in Yunnan Province being fresh ones.Their water quantity ranks the 3nd in China, but is limited in usable water resources.Since Yunnan Province is located on the plateau, many rivers are situated in deep valleys and canyons which make water level lower.Therefore, the lakes possess not only the decisive ecosystem in the habitat of Yunnan Province, but also the very important resources unshortable for promoting the development of national economy and society for realizing the blueprint of,making people in Yunnan Province rich and the district vigorously developed This paper studies the formation and evolution of lakes, and emphatically discusses the role of lakes in development of social-economy of Yunnan Province.Bad ecological consequence created by unreasonable utilization of lakes is firther analysed.Some suggestions aiming at the problems are also made.