Dongting Lake，the second largest freshwater one in China，covers 37360km² with 9. 8%of theareabeingmarshland.Inthepresentpaper，theresourceevolution，integratedexploitation approach and measure of its marshland damp ecosystem are stated.The resultsindicate that the acreage , soil fertility, biological resources and human activities have changedremarkably due to the effects of many external factors(especially silt deposition in the lakebasin)on the marshland ecosystem.With the prerequisites of floodway，shipping and snailfever control，the exploitation of formed marshland should be based on the marshland altitude，and the projectincluding lakegrass safety-exploitation，reedintegrated-utilization andreed-forest ecological exploitation and product process should be carried out in proper order.