| 引用本文: | 何文祥,邹艳婷,胡丹心,郝辉擘,吴竞泽,郑康华,刘子方,李飞龙,张远.环境DNA生物监测揭示城市河流鱼类群落组装机制.湖泊科学,2025,37(4):1118-1127. DOI:10.18307/2025.0408 |
| He Wenxiang,Zou Yanting,Hu Danxin,Hao Huibo,Wu Jingze,Zheng Kanghua,Liu Zifang,Li Feilong,Zhang Yuan.Environmental DNA-based biotic monitoring reveals fish community assembly mechanisms in urban rivers. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(4):1118-1127. DOI:10.18307/2025.0408 |
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| 摘要: |
| 城市化的加剧导致城市河流水质恶化、栖息地丧失及生态系统退化，对鱼类等水生生物群落产生了显著影响。解析随机性过程和确定性过程在群落组装中的相对影响对于鱼类保护至关重要。本研究采用环境DNA(eDNA)技术和传统调查方法，对广州市城市河流30个点位进行鱼类监测，进一步分析鱼类群落特征及其组装机制。结果表明：（1）广州市城市河流鱼类群落呈现出高多样性特征，eDNA技术监测到15目39科139种，传统调查方法监测到6目10科32种属，以鲤形目（Cypriniformes）、虾虎鱼目（Gobiiformes）和鲇形目（Siluriformes）为主，外来物种如齐氏罗非鱼（ Coptodon zillii ）等占据优势。（2）环境因子对eDNA技术和传统调查方法鱼类群落结构差异的解释率分别为49.26%和61.15% ，其中pH、溶解氧以及高锰酸盐指数等对鱼类群落结构变化有显著影响，这表明水质参数在塑造鱼类群落多样性和分布方面起着关键作用。（3）群落组装机制分析表明，确定性过程在广州河流鱼类群落组装中占主导地位，但扩散限制等随机过程的影响亦不可忽视。 |
| 关键词: 城市河流 环境DNA 鱼类群落 群落组装 环境过滤 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0408 |
| 分类号: |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42477489）资助 |
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| Environmental DNA-based biotic monitoring reveals fish community assembly mechanisms in urban rivers |
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He Wenxiang1，Zou Yanting2，Hu Danxin1，Hao Huibo2，Wu Jingze2，Zheng Kanghua1，Liu Zifang2，Li Feilong2，Zhang Yuan2
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1:Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510006 ,P.R .China,2:Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| The deterioration of water quality, loss of habitats, and degradation of ecosystems in urban rivers, caused by intensified urbanization, have significantly impacted aquatic biological communities, including fish. In order to establish effective conservation strategies for fish populations, it is imperative to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the relative contributions of stochastic and deterministic processes in community assembly. In this study, fish monitoring was conducted at 30 sampling sites in Guangzhou's urban rivers using both environmental DNA (eDNA) and traditional survey methods. The subsequent analysis focused on the composition and assembly mechanisms of fish communities. The results demonstrated that: (1) The fish communities inhabiting the urban rivers of Guangzhou demonstrated notable biodiversity. The eDNA monitoring survey identified 15 orders, 39 families, and 139 species, whereas the conventional survey recorded 6 orders, 10 families, and 32 species (genera). The fish assemblage was predominantly composed of Cypriniformes, Gobiiformes, and Siluriformes, with invasive species such as Coptodon zillii demonstrating ecological dominance. (2) The analysis revealed that environmental factors accounted for 49.26% and 61.15% of the observed variance in community structure, as measured by eDNA and traditional survey data, respectively. Key water quality parameters, including pH, dissolved oxygen, and the permanganate index, exerted significant effects on the restructuring of fish communities. This underscores their pivotal role in shaping community diversity and spatial distribution patterns. (3) Analysis of community assembly mechanisms indicated that deterministic processes primarily governed the assembly of fish communities in Guangzhou's rivers, while the impact of stochastic processes, including dispersal limitation, remained significant. |
| Key words: Urban rivers eDNA fish communities community assembly environmental filtering |
