| 引用本文: | 吴燕锋,倪炳波,董李勤,张昆,章清松,孙嘉豪,章光新.黄河源区湿地水文多功能性定量评估——以若尔盖湿地白河流域为例.湖泊科学,2025,37(3):1046-1058. DOI:10.18307/2025.0352 |
| Wu Yanfeng,Ni Bingbo,Dong Liqin,Zhang Kun,Zhang Qingsong,Sun Jiahao,Zhang Guangxin.Quantitative assessment of hydrological multi-functionality of wetlands in the source region of the Yellow River: A case study of the Bai River Basin in the Ruoergai Wetland. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(3):1046-1058. DOI:10.18307/2025.0352 |
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| 摘要: |
| 黄河源区湿地在维系区域及黄河下游水安全和生态安全中发挥着极为重要的作用。深入探究黄河源区湿地如何以及在何种程度上影响流域水文过程，对区域湿地恢复与保护和水资源综合管理具有重要意义。以若尔盖湿地白河流域为研究区，构建了耦合湿地模块的HYDROTEL模型，基于有、无湿地情景的水文过程模拟，定量评估了2000—2022年流域湿地对径流、洪水、干旱和水源涵养的影响，揭示了流域湿地的水文多功能性。结果表明：白河流域湿地降低了径流的不均匀性和变异性，对径流分配不均匀系数、完全调节系数、集中程度和月变幅的影响效应分别为-11.7%、-9.18%、-8.39%和-20.84%；在研究时段内，流域湿地发挥着削减洪水和缓解干旱的作用，对3月流量、7月流量、年最大洪峰流量和Q5流量的影响强度分别为-741.6×10、-2427.8×10、-1398.9×10和-324.5×10 m，对Q95和基流的影响强度分别为19.9×10和5.8×10 m。此外，湿地对流域蓄水能力和水源涵养能力的影响效应分别为30.6%和19.8%。因此，白河流域湿地发挥着重要的径流调节、洪水削减、干旱延缓和水源涵养提升的功能。本研究定量评估了白河流域湿地的水文多功能性，研究思路方法和研究结果可从水文功能提升视角为若尔盖湿地恢复与保护提供重要支撑。 |
| 关键词: 湿地 水文模拟 水文功能 定量评估 白河流域 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0352 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U2243230,421010514）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（20240101058JC）联合资助 |
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| Quantitative assessment of hydrological multi-functionality of wetlands in the source region of the Yellow River: A case study of the Bai River Basin in the Ruoergai Wetland |
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Wu Yanfeng，Ni Bingbo，Dong Liqin，Zhang Kun，Zhang Qingsong，Sun Jiahao，Zhang Guangxin
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1.Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102 , P.R.China ；2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 , P.R.China ；3.College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224 , P.R.China ；4.National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, College of Wetlands, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224 , P.R.China ；5.Huanggang Polytechnic College, Huanggang 438002 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Wetlands in the Yellow River's source region play a critical role in ensuring water and ecological security both locally and downstream. Understanding how and to what extent wetlands in the Yellow River's source region influence hydrological processes is crucial for restoring and protecting these wetlands and ensuring sustainable regional ecological development. The HYDROTEL model, integrated with wetland modules, was developed for the Bai River Basin in the Ruoergai wetland. Based on simulations with and without wetlands, the hydrological multi-functionality of wetlands was quantitatively assessed in terms of runoff, flood, drought, and basin water conservation. The results showed that the wetlands in the Bai River Basin decreased the unevenness and variability of runoff, with reductions of 11.7%, 9.18%, 8.39%, and 20.84% observed in the unevenness distribution coefficient, complete adjustment coefficient, concentration degree, and monthly variation amplitude, respectively. During the study period, the basin's wetlands have been instrumental in flood mitigation and drought alleviation. The reductions in March flow, July flow, annual maximum flood peak, and Q5 flow mitigated by wetlands were -741.6×10, -2427.8×10, -1398.9×10, and -324.5×10 m, respectively. The improvements in Q95 and base flow due to wetlands' mitigation were 19.9×10 and 5.8×10 m, respectively. Furthermore, wetlands improved the basin's water storage and conservation capacity by 30.6% and 19.8%, respectively. Consequently, wetlands in the Bai River Basin serve crucial functions in regulating runoff, mitigating floods, alleviating droughts, and enhancing water conservation. This study quantitatively assesses the hydrological multi-functionality of wetlands in the Bai River Basin, offering insights and methodologies that significantly support the restoration and protection of the Ruoergai wetlands from a hydrological enhancement perspective. |
| Key words: Wetlands hydrological modeling hydrological functions quantitative assessment Bai River Basin |
