| 引用本文: | 陈展彦,莫扬新,赵先富,谢志才,江忆南,张君倩,白雪,陈笔,王莉,李正飞.河流网络位置对赤水河底栖动物多样性和群落构建过程的影响.湖泊科学,2025,37(2):578-589. DOI:10.18307/2025.0235 |
| Chen Zhanyan,Mo Yangxin,Zhao Xianfu,Xie Zhicai,Jiang Yinan,Zhang Junqian,Bai Xue,Chen Bi,Wang Li,Li Zhengfei.Effects of river network position on benthic macroinvertebrate diversity and community assembly in the Chishui River. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(2):578-589. DOI:10.18307/2025.0235 |
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| 摘要: |
| 河流具有独特且复杂的树枝状等级性网络拓扑结构，使得河流连通性和生境异质性在不同河网位置上存在明显差异。长期以来，河流生态系统通常被视为局部或线性结构进行研究，忽略了河网位置对群落构建等生态过程的影响。本研究以具有复杂网络结构和自然流态的赤水河为研究区域，探索了河流网络位置对底栖动物α、β多样性和群落构建过程的影响。其中，α多样性使用物种数、Shannon-Wiener多样性、Simpson多样性和Pielou均匀度指数来度量；β多样性使用Sørensen相异性指数(βsør)和Bray-Curtis相异性指数(dBC)来表征，并将其分割为置换和嵌套两种组分；群落构建过程采用冗余分析和变差分解来实现。结果显示：1) 赤水河全流域底栖动物群落主要受环境过滤驱动；2) 河流网络位置塑造着赤水河底栖动物的多样性格局和群落构建过程。河网中心的干流底栖动物群落主要受环境过滤的影响，而河网边缘的支流底栖动物群落则受到空间限制和环境过滤的共同作用，该发现质疑了河流网络位置假说(network position hypothesis, NPH)在赤水河流域的适用性；支流的α多样性明显高于干流，而干流的β多样性则显著高于支流；β多样性主要由置换组分构成，这表明尽可能多地保护不同位点和生境是维持底栖动物物种多样性的重要举措。本研究有助于深入理解复杂河网影响下底栖动物的物种共存和维持机制，为提出适用于我国亚热带季风区河网的新假说提供视角，为长江上游水生生物保护区选址和设计提供参考和依据。 |
| 关键词: 河网位置 底栖动物 群落构建 β多样性 赤水河 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0235 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203505-3)；科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100400)；国家自然科学基金项目(32271664,32301370)联合资助 |
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| Effects of river network position on benthic macroinvertebrate diversity and community assembly in the Chishui River |
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Chen Zhanyan1，2，4，Mo Yangxin2，5，Zhao Xianfu3，Xie Zhicai2，Jiang Yinan2，Zhang Junqian2，Bai Xue2，Chen Bi1，4，Wang Li1，Li Zhengfei2
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1.Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501 , P.R.China ；2.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072 , P.R.China ；3.Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079 , P.R.China ；4.Chishui River Middle Basin, Watershed Ecosystem, Observation and Research Station of Guizhou Province, Renhuai 564500 , P.R.China ；5.College of Fisheries of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Rivers possess unique and complex branching hierarchical network topology, which leads to noticeable differences in connectivity and habitat heterogeneity across different sections of the river network. Historically, river ecosystems have been studied as local or linear structures, overlooking the influence of river network positions on ecological phenomena, such as community assembly. We focused on the Chishui River, which has a complex network structure and natural flow regime, to explore the effects of river network positions on species diversity (α and β diversity) and community assembly of macroinvertebrates. α diversity was measured using species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index, and Pielou evenness index. β diversity was characterized using the Sørensen dissimilarity index (βsør) and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index (dBC), which were further partitioned into turnover and nestedness components, respectively. Community assembly was assessed using Redundancy analysis (RDA) and associated variation partitioning. We found that: 1) Macroinvertebrate communities in the entire river basin are primarily regulated by environmental filtering. 2) River network positions affected the diversity patterns and community assembly processes in the Chishui River. Mainstream communities were primarily influenced by environmental filtering, while tributary communities were structured by both spatial constraints and environmental filtering. These findings challenge the applicability of the Network Position Hypothesis (NPH) in the Chishui River Basin. Additionally, α diversity was significantly higher in tributaries compared to the mainstream, whereas β diversity was significantly higher in the mainstream. β diversity of macroinvertebrate communities was mainly composed of turnover, suggesting that protecting different sites and habitats is crucial for maintaining regional species diversity. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of species coexistence and maintenance in benthic communities under the influence of complex river networks and contributes to the development of new hypotheses applicable to river networks in subtropical monsoon regions in China. It also provides reference and basis for site selection and design of biological protection zones in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. |
| Key words: River network position macroinvertebrate community assembly β diversity Chishui River |
