| 引用本文: | 周仕伟,焦一滢,朱智杰,薛思敏,李睿泽,戴煜泰,陈默.湖泛时解磷菌群落结构特征及其对沉积物磷释放的影响.湖泊科学,2025,37(2):457-467. DOI:10.18307/2025.0221 |
| Zhou Shiwei,Jiao Yiying,Zhu Zhijie,Xue Simin,Li Ruizhe,Dai Yutai,Chen Mo.Community structure characteristics of phosphate solubilizing bacteria during black blooms and their effects on phosphorus release from sediments. J. Lake Sci.2025,37(2):457-467. DOI:10.18307/2025.0221 |
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| 摘要: |
| 解磷菌（phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms，PSM）在沉积物磷释放过程中发挥着重要的作用，但在湖泛发生过程中，沉积物中PSM对磷释放的影响以及PSM对湖泛的适应机制尚不清楚。本研究以太湖为研究对象，分别在湖泛期和非湖泛期采集了上覆水和沉积物样品，并测定样品中主要理化因子。通过基于16S rRNA基因的Illumina高通量测序研究沉积物中微生物群落结构特征，比较湖泛期与非湖泛期沉积物中PSM种群结构的差异，并利用微生物网络共现图揭示了PSM与其他微生物之间的相互关系。研究结果表明，相较于非湖泛期，湖泛期上覆水中总磷和磷酸盐浓度提高了10倍以上。湖泛期沉积物中PSM的相对丰度约是非湖泛期的7倍。在湖泛期，沉积物中的PSM以不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）、鞘氨醇杆菌属（Novosphingobium）和黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）为主，非湖泛期沉积物中PSM分布较少，主要为鞘氨醇杆菌属、黄杆菌属和固氮杆菌属（Azotobacter）。相关性分析结果表明，不同的PSM对各种形态磷的释放影响存在差异，PSM与有机磷（Org-P）、铁结合态磷（BD-P）和钙结合态磷（Ca-P）的相关性系数均小于-0.627，且主要磷释放对象为Ca-P和Org-P。微生物网络分析表明湖泛期PSM的正相关邻节点主要为反硝化细菌和发酵菌，负相关邻节点主要是铁还原菌和硫酸盐还原菌，这说明PSM在磷释放过程中与反硝化细菌及参与有机质代谢的发酵细菌进行协作，而与铁还原菌和硫还原菌存在一定的竞争关系，在湖泛环境下PSM与多种微生物共同作用促进了沉积物内源磷的释放。综上所述，PSM能够调整群落结构及其相关细菌的相互作用来应对湖泛的发生。本研究结果有助于进一步认识PSM对沉积物磷释放及对湖泊环境变化的适应过程。 |
| 关键词: 湖泛 沉积物 解磷菌 磷形态 微生物群落 太湖 |
| DOI：10.18307/2025.0221 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42307514）资助 |
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| Community structure characteristics of phosphate solubilizing bacteria during black blooms and their effects on phosphorus release from sediments |
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Zhou Shiwei1，Jiao Yiying2，Zhu Zhijie1，Xue Simin1，Li Ruizhe1，Dai Yutai1，Chen Mo1
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1.Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062 , P.R.China ；2.Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecological Restoration and Algae Utilization of Hubei Province, College of Civil Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068 , P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) play an important role in the process of sediment phosphorus release. However, the effect of PSM on phosphorus release in sediments and the adaptation mechanism of PSM to black bloom are still unclear. This study collected surface water and sediment samples from Lake Taihu during black and non-black bloom periods, and determined the major physicochemical factors in the samples. The characteristics of microbial community structure in sediments were studied by 16S rRNA and Illumina high-throughput sequencing, and the differences of PSM species structure between black bloom and non-black bloom sediments were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between PSM and other microorganisms were also studied via microbial co-occurrence networks. The results indicated that concentrations of TP and PO3-4-P in the surface water during the black bloom period were more than 10 times higher than those during the non-black bloom period. The relative abundance of PSM in the sediments during the black bloom period was approximately 7 times higher than that during the non-black bloom period. During the black bloom period, PSM in sediments was dominated by Acinetobacter, Novosphingobium and Flavobacterium, and PSM was less distributed in non-black bloom sediments. Correlation analysis showed that different PSM had different effects on the release of various phosphorus fractions. The correlation coefficients between the main PSM and organic phosphorus (Org-P), iron-bound phosphorus (BD-P) and calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) were less than -0.627, and the main phosphorus release fractions were Ca-P and Org-P. The microbial network analysis showed that the positive correlation nodes of PSM in the black bloom period were mainly denitrifying bacteria and fermenting bacteria, and the negative correlation nodes were mainly iron-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. This indicated that PSM tended to collaborate with denitrifying bacteria and fermenting bacteria involved in organic matter metabolism during phosphorus release, while competing with iron reducing bacteria and sulfur reducing bacteria to a certain extent. In a lake environment, PSM worked together with multiple microorganisms to promote the release of endogenous phosphorus in sediments. In summary, PSM could adjust the community structure and its interaction with related bacteria to cope with the occurrence of black bloom. These results extend our knowledge on the importance of PSM during black blooms and the adaptation of PSM to environmental changes in freshwater lakes. |
| Key words: Black blooms sediment phosphorus-degrading bacteria phosphorus fractions microbial community Lake Taihu |
