Lake Taihu is a typical wind-driven lake, and wind plays an important role in process of water exchange and concentration transportation. Based on Environmental Fluid Dynamics Model (EFDC), water age model and conservative dye model were set up to study characteristics of seasonal water age distribution and to further reveal the impacts of the Wangyu River Water Transfer Project and the Xingou River to the Lake Taihu Transfer Project on water age distribution on basis of winds, inflow and outflow, operations of existing water transfer projects. It is concluded that by the numerical test results, water exchange of Lake Taihu is mainly influenced by the monsoons. Water age is comparably larger in the spring and summer, which indicates the water exchange rate in the spring and summer is lower than that in the autumn and winter. Water ages near inflow locations are comparably smaller, and the locations far from the inflows are larger. Water age is smaller when the flow direction is the same as wind direction, while the exchange of water is increased at the same time and on the contrary water exchange is reduced. During operation of the Wangyu River Water Transfer Project, the water ages of the Gonghu Bay and Middle Lake Taihu are basically reduced, and water exchange is increased in the areas. During operation of the Xingou River Water Transfer Project, the water ages of the Meiliang Bay are basically reduced, and water quality is improved in the area. The water exchange of Lake Taihu will be significantly improved with continuous or occasional transfer operations.