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| 城市河流近自然修复过程中附着藻类群落恢复与环境驱动机制 |
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莫露清1, 邰义萍1, 戴玉女1, 陶然1, 张晓萌1, 余佰伦1,2, 张杰1, 区廷哲1, 李明3, 禤倩红3, 周新民4, 黄家俊1, 杨扬1
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1.暨南大学生态学系;2.深圳市环境科学研究院;3.广州市水务局;4.广州市河涌监测中心
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| 摘要: |
| 附着藻类在河流生态恢复过程中群落构建机制的研究是深入了解河流生态系统结构与功能恢复的关键。本研究以广州市实施低水位运行策略的的代表性穿城河流——车陂涌（自然生境）、猎德涌（高度渠道化）、沙河涌（混合生境）为研究对象，系统分析了修复后连续四年（2020~2023年）丰水期附着藻类群落结构与功能响应的动态变化过程，探讨近自然修复措施影响下附着藻类群落恢复及环境驱动机制。结果显示：本研究共记录到193种附着藻类，隶属于6门53科90属，其中硅藻门占主导（51.26%）。现存量在空间变化均无显著差异（P>0.05），年际间均有显著差异（P<0.001），时间异质性高于空间异质性。空间上，车陂涌总物种数最高（184种）；猎德涌在丰度（2.17×109 cells/m2）、生物量（3.16×103 mg/m2）、香农多样性指数（3.14）及均匀度指数（0.66）均值方面最高。时间上，猎德涌的物种数和香农多样性指数年际增幅最大，分别为：41.43% 和15.58%，沙河涌丰度和生物量增幅最高分别为92.62%、96.53%，均匀度指数0.6左右年际变化较为持平，反映所研究河流附着藻类恢复的有效性。基于生态位特征分析，附着藻类群落构建以协作关系为主，表现出资源高效利用和低竞争压力。校正随机率结果表明，确定性与随机性过程在修复过程中都有主导作用，且环境异质性影响这两种过程的相对作用。冗余分析表明，TN、TP、DO、水深和流速是河流附着藻类群落恢复的重要环境因子，可通过影响群落演替与分布格局，间接介导群落构建过程。研究结果为城市河流的近自然修复的有效性提供了一定的数据支撑及科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 城市河流 低水位运行 附着藻类恢复 群落构建 时空异质性 环境因子 |
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| 基金项目:广州市水务科技创新项目（项目编号：GZSWKJ2022-004, GZSWKJ2023-003, 440101- 2021 -10693）、广东省自然科学基金（项目编号：2023A1515030019）、广东省国际科技合作基地（项目编号：2019A050505005）、广州市科技计划项目（项目编号：2024B03J1230）、国家重点实验室水灾害防治专项基金“一带一路”专项（项目编号：2022491511） |
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| Spatial-temporal variations and environmental drivers of attached algae communities During near-natural restoration of urban rivers |
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Mo Luqing,Tai Yiping,Dai Yunv,Tao Ran,Zhang Xiaomeng,Yu Bailun,Zhang Jie,Ou Tingzhe,Li Ming,Xuan Qianhong,Zhou Xinmin,Huang Jiajun,Yang Yang
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1.Department of Ecology,Jinan University;2.:Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Engineering Research Center of Tropicaland Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering;3.Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Engineering Research Center of Tropicaland Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering
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| Abstract: |
| The study of attached algae communities assembly mechanisms is essential for understanding the restoration of river ecosystem structure and function. This study analyzed attached algae communities in three representative rivers flowing through Guangzhou—Chebei River (natural habitat), Liede River (highly canalized), and Shahe River (mixed habitat)—that are subject to a low water level operation strategy. The analysis covered four consecutive flood seasons from 2020 to 2023, focusing on the recovery and environmental drivers of these communities under near-natural restoration measures. The results show that a total of 193 algal species across 6 phyla, 53 families, and 90 genera were recorded, with Bacillariophyta being dominant (51.26%). No significant spatial differences (P>0.05) in algal standing stock were found, while significant annual differences (P<0.001) occurred, indicating higher temporal than spatial heterogeneity. Chebei river had the highest total number of species (184), while Liede river showed the highest abundance (2.47×109 cells/m2) (3.16×103 mg/m2), Shannon Diversity Index (3.14), and Evenness Index (0.66). Annually, Liede river had the largest increases in number of species and Shannon Diversity Index (41.43%, and 15.58%, respectively), and Shahe river had the highest abundance and biomass increase (92.62%, and 96.53% respectively), with Evenness Index remaining stable at around 0.6.These findings highlight the effectiveness of near-natural restoration for attached algae recovery. Niche analysis revealed a collaborative community structure with efficient resource use and low competition. The standardized random rate analysis revealed that deterministic and stochastic processes both play dominant roles during restoration. Environmental heterogeneity impacts the relative dominance of these two processes. Redundancy analysis indicated that TN, TP, DO, water depth, and flow velocity are key factors affecting the recovery of rivers attached algae communities. The research results provide empirical support and a scientific basis for the effectiveness of near-natural restoration in urban river channels. |
| Key words: Urban rivers low water level operation attached algae restoration community construction spatiotemporal heterogeneity environmental factors. |
