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| 柴达木巴伦马海盆地晶间卤水成因及成矿潜力评价 |
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冯宁1,2, 秦西伟1,2,3,4, 马玉亮5,6,7, 潘彤8, 陈建洲6,7, 丁成旺6,7, 蒋子文1,2, 张冬6,7, 刘成林9, 李庆宽3, 任二峰1,2, 张帆1,2
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1.青海大学，地质工程学院，青海西宁，810016;2.青藏高原北缘新生代资源环境重点实验室，青海西宁，810016;3.中国科学院青海盐湖研究所, 青海西宁，810008;4.国投新疆罗布泊钾盐有限责任公司，新疆哈密，839000;5.中国地质大学(武汉)高等研究院，湖北武汉，430074;6.青海省第四地质勘查院，青海西宁，810001;7.青海省页岩气资源重点实验室，青海西宁，810001;8.青海省地质矿产勘查开发局，青海西宁，810001;9.中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院，湖北武汉，430074
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| 摘要: |
| 柴达木巴伦马海盆地卤水资源储量丰富，然而其成因机理及卤水资源潜力尚不明确。本研究以巴伦马海盆地晶间卤水为研究对象，开展了元素及氢氧同位素地球化学研究，系统分析了其水源、溶质来源、演化过程及成因模式，探讨了钾硼锂资源元素的找矿潜力。研究表明，巴伦马海盆地北部晶间卤水水化学类型为硫酸镁亚型，南部以氯化物型水为主，卤水溶质主要源于石盐、钾盐和石膏等矿物的溶解，蒸发浓缩、水岩反应及阳离子交换作用控制了卤水的水化学过程，南部氯化物型水可能受沿断裂渗流深部Ca-Cl水体影响。水化学特征系数显示，研究区晶间卤水为岩盐溶滤成因水，含盐地层封闭性差，变质程度较低。氢氧同位素显示，晶间卤水主要水源为祁连山的大气降水或冰雪融水，主要补给源为鱼卡河水和流经冲积扇的浅层地下水，强烈的蒸发浓缩和水岩作用对晶间卤水矿床的形成产生了重大影响。南北地区水化学类型和空间分布的差异与这两种来源的补给和混合有着根本的联系，可概括为巴伦马海盆地晶间卤水“溶滤补给+深部补给”二元成矿模式。研究区晶间卤水钾硼锂资源潜力较大，综合水化学特征系数，赋卤层厚度、区域成盐演化过程，钻孔ZK7618、ZK8014、ZK8024和ZK8431附近可能为找矿有利靶区。 |
| 关键词: 卤水成因 水化学特征 氢氧同位素 盐岩溶滤 蒸发浓缩 成矿潜力 |
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| 基金项目:青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室开放基金项目 (2024-KFKT-B07)、青海大学部省合建盐湖化工大型系列研究设施自主课题(2024-DXSSZZ-01)、青海省地质矿产勘查开发局地质勘查项目(63000000024T000002987)和青海大学大学生科研训练计划项目 (SRT202430)联合资助 |
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| Origin and mineralization potential evaluation of intercrystalline brine formation of the Balun Mahai Basin, Qaidam |
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fengning,qinxiwei,mayuliang,pantong,chenjianzhou,dingchengwang,jiangziwen,zhangdong,liuchenglin,liqingkuan,renerfeng,zhangfan
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1.School of Geological Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China;2.Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Resource & Environment in North Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China;3.Qinghai Institute of Salt Lake Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;4.SDI Xinjiang Lop Nur Potash Salt Co., LTD., Hami , Xinjiang839000, China
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| Abstract: |
| There are abundant brine resources in the Balun Mahai Basin of Qaidam, but the genetic mechanism and potential of brine resources still need to be determined. This study focuses on the intercrystalline brine in the Balema Lake Basin, conducting geochemical research on elements and hydrogen-oxygen isotopes to systematically analyze its water source, solute origins, evolution process, and genesis model. The study also explores the mining potential of potassium, boron, and lithium elements. The results show that the intercrystalline brine in the northern part of the Balema Lake Basin is of the magnesium sulfate subtype, while the southern part predominantly features chloride water. The solutes in the brine mainly originate from the dissolution of halite, potassium salts, and gypsum. The water chemistry is controlled by evaporation, water-rock reactions, and cation exchange. The chloride-type water in the south may be influenced by deep Ca-Cl water flowing along faults. The water chemistry characteristics indicate that the intercrystalline brine is formed by halite dissolution, with low metamorphic degree and poor sealing in the salt-bearing layers. Hydrogen-oxygen isotopes show that the main water source of the intercrystalline brine is atmospheric precipitation or snowmelt from the Qilian Mountains, with the primary recharge sources being the Yuka River and shallow groundwater flowing through the alluvial fan. Strong evaporation and water-rock interactions have significantly impacted the formation of the brine deposits. The differences in water chemistry types and spatial distribution between the northern and southern regions are fundamentally related to the recharge and mixing of these two sources. The brine genesis can be summarized as a "dissolution recharge + deep recharge" dual mining model. The brine in the study area has considerable potential for potassium, boron, and lithium resources. Based on the comprehensive water chemistry characteristics, salt layer thickness, regional salt formation evolution process, drilling sites ZK7618, ZK8014, ZK8024, and ZK8431 are likely favorable targets for mineral exploration. |
| Key words: Brine genesis Hydrochemical characteristics Hydrogen-oxygen isotopes Halite dissolution Evaporation concentration Mineralization potential |
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