| 引用本文: | 张萍,国超旋,俞洁,权秋梅,姚建良,王吉毅,叶小锐,朱梦圆,孙起亮,朱广伟.钱塘江干流夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水文气象的响应.湖泊科学,2022,34(2):418-432. DOI:10.18307/2022.0205 |
| Zhang Ping,Guo Chaoxuan,Yu Jie,Quan Qiumei,Yao Jianliang,Wang Jiyi,Ye Xiaorui,Zhu Mengyuan,Sun Qiliang,Zhu Guangwei.Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its response to hydro-meteorology in summer of Qiantang River. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(2):418-432. DOI:10.18307/2022.0205 |
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| 钱塘江干流夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水文气象的响应 |
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张萍1, 国超旋2, 俞洁3, 权秋梅1, 姚建良4, 王吉毅5, 叶小锐2, 朱梦圆2, 孙起亮4, 朱广伟2
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1.西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 南充 637002;2.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;3.浙江省生态环境监测中心, 杭州 310012;4.杭州市桐庐县环境保护监测站, 桐庐 311500;5.哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 哈尔滨 150025
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| 摘要: |
| 河流中浮游植物的动态变化能够较好的指示河流水质状况.为探索水文气象过程对筑坝河流浮游植物群落结构的影响，2020年夏季，以钱塘江干流为例，对包括富春江水库在内的11个河段开展了浮游植物群落结构及相关环境因子的调查分析.结果表明：夏季在钱塘江干流共鉴定出浮游植物6门59属95种，优势属为沟链藻（Aulacoseir）、菱形藻（Nitzschia）、平裂藻（Merismopedia）、长孢藻（Dolichospermum）、假鱼腥藻（Pseudoanabaena）和微囊藻（Microcystis），其中梅雨期优势属主要隶属于硅藻门，梅雨后蓝藻门种属则迅速占优，浮游植物总细胞密度快速增加；整个夏季浮游植物的平均细胞密度为（1.57±2.96）×106 cells/L，其中梅雨期细胞密度为（0.37±0.36）×106 cells/L，显著低于梅雨后的细胞密度（4.06±4.38）×106 cells/L.空间上，大坝拦截形成的河流型水库对浮游植物群落结构和藻密度均产生极显著的影响，浮游植物密度在富春江库区段最高，兰江及以上江段其次，新安江库区段及钱塘江河口较低；梅雨后富春江库区水温分层，显著促进了蓝藻和硅藻的增殖.冗余分析表明，气温和降雨是夏季钱塘江干流浮游植物群落结构变化的主要驱动因子，蓝藻门、绿藻门细胞密度与气温呈显著正相关，与降雨呈显著负相关，而硅藻门细胞密度与之相反；梅雨后气温快速增高显著增加库区段水体的蓝藻门细胞密度，蓝藻水华暴发风险迅速增高，水安全管理中应予以重点防范. |
| 关键词: 浮游植物 有害蓝藻 河流 降雨 气温 富春江水库 钱塘江 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0205 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41830757）、中国科学院野外站联盟项目（KFJ-SW-YW036）和杭州市生态环境局淳安分局委托调查项目（CAZFCGGK2020-1）联合资助. |
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| Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its response to hydro-meteorology in summer of Qiantang River |
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Zhang Ping1, Guo Chaoxuan2, Yu Jie3, Quan Qiumei1, Yao Jianliang4, Wang Jiyi5, Ye Xiaorui2, Zhu Mengyuan2, Sun Qiliang4, Zhu Guangwei2
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1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, P. R. China;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;3.Ecological and Environmental Monitor Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China;4.Tonglu Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Hangzhou, Tonglu 311500, P. R. China;5.College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The dynamic changes of phytoplankton in rivers can better indicate the water quality of rivers. In order to explore the effects of hydro-meteorological processes on the phytoplankton community structure of damming rivers, taking the main stream of Qiantang River as an example, the phytoplankton community structure and related environmental factors were investigated and analyzed in 11 river reaches including Fuchunjiang Reservoir in the summer of 2020. The results showed that:A total 95 species belonging to 6 phyla and 59 genera of phytoplankton were identified during the summer in the main stream of Qiantang River. The dominant genera were Aulacoseir, Nitzschia, Merismopedia, Dolichospermum, Pseudoanabaena, and Microcystis. During the Meiyu period, the dominant genera belonged to the diatoms, while after the rain, the cyanobacteria quickly became dominant. The average cell density of phytoplankton in summer was (1.57±2.96)×106 cells/L, and the cell density during Meiyu period was (0.37±0.36)×106 cells/L, which was significantly lower than that in Meiyu period ((4.06±4.38)×106 cells/L). Spatially, the river reservoir formed by dam interception has an extremely significant effect on phytoplankton community structure and algal density. The phytoplankton density is the highest in the Fuchunjiang River reservoir section, followed by the Lanjiang River and its upper reaches, and the Xin'anjiang River reservoir section and the Qiantang River estuary. After the Meiyu period, the water temperature stratification in the Fuchunjiang River reservoir significantly promoted the proliferation of cyanobacteria and diatoms. Redundancy analysis showed that temperature and rainfall were the main driving factors of phytoplankton community structure change in the main stream of Qiantang River in summer. Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta cell densities were positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with rainfall, while Diatomophyta cell densities were contrary to Cyanophyta. The rapid increase of temperature after the Meiyu period can rapidly increase the cell densities of cyanobacteria in the reservoir area, and the risk of cyanobacteria blooms increases rapidly. Therefore, the prevention of cyanobacteria blooms should be emphasized in water safety management. |
| Key words: Phytoplankton harmful algal river rainfall temperature Fuchunjiang Reservoir Qiantang River |
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