In order to explore the effect of land use and cover change on lakeshore soil organic carbon sequestration and it ecological function, nine typical sample plots with different plantations along the north shore of Lake Chaohu were investigated, and the surface soils (0-30 cm) organic carbon fractions and the enzymes activities were analyzed and compared. The results showed that soil total organic carbon (TOC) was 2.88-11.2 g/kg, with an average of 9.12 g/kg. The soil under native Phragmites australis reed wetland showed the highest TOC content, and the TOC content in the wasteland formed after the disappearance of P. australis reed community was the lowest with the value of only 2.88 g/kg. The cation exchange capacity (CEC), which can be used to characterize the buffer performance of lakeside zone, was highest in the native P.australis reed wetland soil and positively correlated with TOC. Soil labile organic carbon fractions content, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC) from the lakeshore wetland, ranged from 150 to 370 mg/kg and from 1.7 to 5.2 g/kg, respectively. The range of change in soil DOC and EOC between different sampling sites was larger than that in TOC. Especially, the difference of DOC content between different vegetations was the most significant. The activities of several determined enzymes in the surface soil of secondary Homonoia riparia Lour. Forest, except polyphenol oxidase, were higher than those in native P. australis reed wetland soil. Especially, the invertase activity increased most obviously. However, lakeshore urban green park and artificial grassland showed significantly lower activities of catalase, urease and invertaseas compared with native P. australis wetland. Correlation analysis showed that there existed significant relationships between soil enzyme activities except polyphenol oxidase and soil DOC and EOC. Especially, the correlations of invertase activity to the content of DOC reached remarkably significant level with the highest coefficient (r=0.907). Based on the above results, it is concluded that the DOC and invertase as the sensitive indicators, could well characterize the degradation process and ecological restoration effect on lakeshore wetland buffering function due to land use and cover change.