| 摘要: |
| 在充分收集有关资料的基础上,研究青海湖1959-2000年间降水、径流、蒸发、湖泊水位、地下水补给量的动态变化,建立水量平衡分析方程.青海湖水位在波动中持续下降,42年来,年平均水位累计下降了3.32 m,平均每年下降了0.079 m;近年来,下降的幅度减小.同时,青海湖储水量不断减少,而湖区降水呈增加的趋势,河川径流量、地下水的入湖补给量、蒸发量呈现下降的趋势.根据青海湖水平衡分析计算结果,预测2010年青海湖流域耗水量将达1.27×108m3,为维护生态平衡和社会经济持续发展,需要跨流域调水量("引大济湖")4.1×108 m3. |
| 关键词: 青海湖 水量平衡 水资源 优化配置 |
| DOI：10.18307/2003.0105 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新项目KXCX1-10-03资助. |
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| Water Balance and Water Resources Allocation of Qinghai Lake |
|
YAN Huayun1, JIA Shaofeng2
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1.Qinghai Provincial Surveying Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Xining 810001, P. R. China;2.Institutc of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| On the basis of the observed hydrological data in Qinghai Lake Basin, 1959-2000, we studied the dynamic changes of precipitation, runoff, evaporation, lake water level and the supplement of ground water of Qinghai Lake for the past forty years. Estimates revealed that a 3.32 m-drop occurred during 1959-2000, resulting an annual decrease of water quantity of 3.60×108 m3. Moreover, the amount of interbasin diversion required for maintaining ecologic balance and social economic sustainable development was discussed, an annual quantity of 4.1×108 m3 could meet the needs for water resources allocation optimization. |
| Key words: Qinghai Lake water-balance water resources optimal allocation |
