%0 Journal Article %T 太湖水体理化指标在夏季短时间尺度上的分层及其控制因素 %T Stratification and its driving factors of water physicochemical variables in large,shallow Lake Taihu %A 赵林林 %A 朱梦圆 %A 冯龙庆 %A 刘笑菡 %A 朱广伟 %A 陈元芳 %A 秦伯强 %A ZHAO,Linlin %A ZHU,Mengyuan %A FENG,Longqing %A LIU,Xiaohan %A ZHU,Guangwei %A CHEN,Yuanfang %A QIN,Boqiang %J 湖泊科学 %J Journal of Lake Sciences %@ 1003-5427 %V 23 %N 4 %D 2011 %P 649-656 %K 浅水湖泊;水体理化指标;垂向分层;蓝藻水华;风浪扰动 %K Shallow lakes;physicochemical variables;stratification;cyanobacterial bloom;wind-induced wave disturbance %X 通过连续9d(2010年7月24日至2010年8月1日)对太湖水体理化指标垂向分层的高频率观测, 揭示太湖多指标垂向分层规律.观测表明:(1)太湖中各水质指标频繁出现分层现象, 但不稳定;(2)分层的主要控制因素包含气温的日变化、蓝藻水华堆积与风浪扰动等;(3)气温和太阳辐射日变化影响水温分层, 水温垂向变幅可达3.94℃, 进而影响其他水质理化指标分层;(4)蓝藻水华堆积是影响水体理化指标垂向分层最强烈的因子, 堆积发生时水体各理化指标垂向分层明显, 垂向变幅溶氧达8.67mg/L, 溶解氧饱和度达122.8%, 电导率达48μC/cm, pH达1.49, 叶绿素达9.1μg/L, 浊度达26.5NTU;(5)随着风速的增加, 除浊度外其他指标分层明显减弱, 在大风期水体理化指标基本无分层现象, 小风期则容易形成分层, 但对分层的影响程度小于蓝藻水华堆积.研究表明, 尽管太湖是大型浅水湖泊, 长时间的分层不会形成, 但是水体各理化指标昼夜或1-2d的短时期尺度垂向分层现象经常出现, 对水生物、水气界面和水土界面物质交换的影响不容忽视, 在湖泊水质高频观测等调查方案设计中应充分考虑。 %X A nine-day observation on the process of vertical stratification of physicochemical variables was taken from 24th July to 1st August, 2010 in Lake Taihu,a large shallow lake of China.Frequent stratification processes occurred during the 9 days.But the stratifying state was unstable,and normally last less than 1 day.The main factors causing stratification were water temperature and its diel variation, cyanobacterial bloom scum and wind-induced wave disturbance.The vertical difference of water temperature-may reached 3.94℃,which was mainly influenced by diel variation of air temperature and solar radiation.And the stratification of water temperature was the basic factor causing the stratification of dissolved oxygen,electric conductivity,and pH.Cyanobacterial bloom scum could cause the strongest stratification, which could cause vertical difference of 8.67mg/L of dissolved oxygen, 48μC/cm of electric conductivity, 1.49 of pH, 9.1μg/L of chlorophyll-a and 26.5NTU of turbidity.Besides turbidity,stratification of physicochemical variables became weaker with the increase of wind speed.No stratification happened during strong wind period in which of wind speed over 6m/s,while it often happened during weak condition in which of wind speed less than 2m/s.The study indicated that,stratification processes could frequently short-term occurred in large shallow lakes,and might have potential influences on the processes of biological activities and exchange on air-water interface and water-sediment interface. %R 10.18307/2011.0423 %U http://www.jlakes.org/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx %1 JIS Version 3.0.0